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What is the First Law of Thermodynamics?
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The First Law of Thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
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Define enthalpy.
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Enthalpy is a measure of the total heat content of a thermodynamic system at constant pressure.
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What is the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics?
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The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
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Describe what an isothermal process is.
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An isothermal process is a thermodynamic process that occurs at constant temperature.
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What is internal energy?
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Internal energy is the total energy contained within a system, including both kinetic and potential energy due to molecular motion.
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How is work defined in thermodynamics?
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In thermodynamics, work is defined as energy transferred when a force is applied over a distance, or during expansion/compression of a gas.
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Explain what a system and its surroundings mean in thermodynamics.
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In thermodynamics, a system is the part of the universe being studied, while the surroundings are everything else that interacts with the system.
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What is the difference between heat and temperature?
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Heat is energy in transfer between systems or objects with different temperatures, while temperature is a measure of thermal energy within a system.
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What defines an adiabatic process?
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An adiabatic process is one that occurs without transfer of heat or mass between a system and its surroundings.
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Define specific heat capacity.
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Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat required to change the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree Celsius.
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What is a reversible process in thermodynamics?
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A reversible process is an idealized process that occurs infinitely slowly so that the system is always in thermodynamic equilibrium with its surroundings.
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How does pressure relate to volume in Boyle's Law?
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Boyle's Law states that at constant temperature, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume.
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What is an isobaric process?
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An isobaric process is a thermodynamic process that occurs at a constant pressure.
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Define the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
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The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time.
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What role does entropy play in thermodynamics?
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Entropy quantifies the degree of disorder or randomness in a system and predicts the direction of spontaneous processes.
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