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How did westward expansion affect the U.S. geography?
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Westward expansion significantly altered the U.S. geography by increasing its size and facilitating the development of new states, which expanded the nation's influence and resources.
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What were the primary transportation routes used during westward expansion?
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Major transportation routes included the Oregon Trail, Santa Fe Trail, and later, the Transcontinental Railroad, which facilitated migration and commerce.
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How did the discovery of gold affect migration to the West?
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The discovery of gold in California in 1848 led to a massive influx of settlers, known as the Gold Rush, kindling economic booms and demographic changes.
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How did the terrain influence the settlement patterns in the West?
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The varied terrain, including mountains, plains, and rivers, influenced where settlements emerged, favoring fertile valleys and areas accessible by trails and waterways.
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In what way did the expansion impact the environment?
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Westward expansion led to significant environmental changes, such as deforestation, mining pollution, and hunting pressures that threatened species like the buffalo.
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What role did the Mississippi River play in westward expansion?
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The Mississippi River served as a critical transportation and trade route, facilitating economic exchanges and supporting the movement of people and goods into the interior.
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How did the Great Plains affect westward expansion?
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The Great Plains, with its vast rolling plains, offered rich agricultural potential but also presented challenges such as harsh climates and lack of resources, impacting settlement styles.
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What was the significance of the Rocky Mountains during expansion?
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The Rocky Mountains presented a formidable barrier to westward expansion, necessitating complex transportation routes but also offering minerals and resources.
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How did westward expansion affect the development of new states?
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The expansion rapidly facilitated the admission of new states into the Union as territories met population requirements and developed infrastructure to support governance.
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What was the impact of the Pacific Ocean on westward expansion?
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Reaching the Pacific marked the completion of the Manifest Destiny vision, with the ocean offering new trade routes and security concerns that reshaped U.S. policies.
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How did the climate of the West affect settlement decisions?
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The diverse climates of the West influenced where and how settlers could live, with milder regions attracting more settlers and harsh climates discouraging settlement.
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What was the role of rivers like the Missouri in westward exploration?
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Rivers like the Missouri served as navigation routes for explorers and settlers, offering pathways deep into the continent.
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How did westward expansion alter Native American lands?
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Native American lands were drastically reduced as expansion pushed tribes onto smaller reservations, disrupting traditional territories and lifestyles.
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What challenges did settlers face regarding water resources?
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Water scarcity in many Western regions forced settlers to adapt through irrigation and careful resource management, influencing settlement density and agricultural types.
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What was the Santa Fe Trail's geographical importance?
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The Santa Fe Trail connected the Missouri River to Santa Fe, New Mexico, serving as a major trade route that facilitated exchange and migration between the United States and Mexican territories.
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