Gravitational Fields and Forces

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What is a gravitational field?
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A region of space around a mass where another mass experiences a force of gravity.
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How does acceleration due to gravity vary with latitude?
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It varies due to Earth's rotation and shape; it's slightly less at the equator than at the poles.
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What factors affect the time it takes for an object to reach the ground?
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Height, initial velocity, air resistance, and gravitational acceleration influence the time.
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How does air friction affect falling objects?
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Air friction or drag slows down objects and reduces their acceleration.
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What is the gravitational force between two objects?
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The attractive force acting between two masses, proportional to their product and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
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Define gravitational acceleration.
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The acceleration experienced by an object due to the force of gravity, typically 9.8 m/s² on Earth.
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What is air resistance?
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A force acting opposite to the relative motion of any object moving with respect to a surrounding fluid.
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Explain gravity's action at a distance.
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Gravity acts over distance without physical contact, pulling objects toward one another.
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Why does gravity vary with altitude?
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Gravitational force decreases with increasing distance from Earth's center.
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What is the equation for gravitational force?
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F = G * (m1 * m2) / r² where G is the gravitational constant.
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Describe the role of mass in gravitational fields.
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Mass determines both the strength of the gravitational field produced and the response to other fields.
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How does gravitational force relate to field strength?
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Gravitational field strength is the force per unit mass experienced by a small test mass in the field.
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What is uniform gravitational field?
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An area where gravitational field strength is constant in magnitude and direction.
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Explain Earth's gravitational field lines.
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They are imaginary lines that indicate the direction of gravity, pointing towards Earth's center.
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How is a gravitational field represented visually?
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Through field lines pointing radially inward from the mass creating the field.
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