HIV/AIDS: Causes and Effects

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What is HIV?
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HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the immune system, specifically the CD4 cells.
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How is HIV transmitted?
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HIV is transmitted through bodily fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk.
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What is AIDS?
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AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is the final stage of HIV infection, where the immune system becomes severely compromised.
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What are common symptoms of HIV?
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Symptoms of HIV can include fever, sore throat, fatigue, weight loss, and swollen lymph glands.
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How is HIV diagnosed?
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HIV is diagnosed through blood or saliva tests that detect the presence of the virus or the antibodies against it.
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What treatments are available for HIV?
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Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the main treatment for HIV, helping to control the virus and improve quality of life.
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How has HIV/AIDS affected global population health?
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HIV/AIDS has caused millions of deaths worldwide, particularly affecting populations in sub-Saharan Africa.
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What preventive measures help reduce the spread of HIV?
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Preventive measures include condom use, needle exchange programs, and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
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What social impacts has HIV/AIDS had?
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The HIV/AIDS epidemic has led to stigma and discrimination, affecting social networks and community cohesion.
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How does HIV affect an individual's immune system?
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HIV targets and destroys CD4 cells, weakening the immune system and making the body vulnerable to opportunistic infections.
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What are some common opportunistic infections in AIDS patients?
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Common infections include tuberculosis, certain types of pneumonia, and Kaposi's sarcoma.
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How can mother-to-child transmission of HIV be prevented?
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Antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy and exclusive breastfeeding can reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission.
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What role does education play in controlling HIV/AIDS?
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Education helps raise awareness about prevention, transmission, and the importance of testing and treatment.
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Describe the impact of HIV/AIDS on the economy.
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HIV/AIDS impacts the economy by reducing the workforce, increasing healthcare costs, and decreasing productivity.
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What are the goals of the global fight against HIV/AIDS?
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Goals include increasing access to ART, reducing new infections, and eliminating mother-to-child transmission.
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