Human Reproduction

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What is the primary function of the male reproductive system?
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To produce and transport sperm for fertilization.
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Name the part of the female reproductive system where fertilization occurs.
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Fertilization usually occurs in the fallopian tubes.
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What is the role of the uterus in the female reproductive system?
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The uterus provides a site for implantation of a fertilized egg and supports fetal development.
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Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?
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Testosterone is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics.
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Define ovulation.
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Ovulation is the release of an egg from an ovary, usually occurring around the middle of a menstrual cycle.
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What is the function of the placenta during pregnancy?
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The placenta provides oxygen and nutrients to the growing fetus and removes waste products from the fetus's blood.
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Explain the menstrual cycle and its average duration.
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The menstrual cycle is a monthly series of hormonal changes in females that prepare the uterus for pregnancy; it typically lasts about 28 days.
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What are gametes and what are the male and female gametes called?
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Gametes are reproductive cells; the male gamete is sperm, and the female gamete is the ovum (egg).
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What is the role of the hormone estrogen in the female body?
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Estrogen regulates the menstrual cycle and is crucial for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics.
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How many chromosomes are present in a human gamete?
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A human gamete contains 23 chromosomes.
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What process restores the diploid state in humans?
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Fertilization restores the diploid state by combining 23 chromosomes from each parent, forming a zygote with 46 chromosomes.
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Describe the process of spermatogenesis.
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Spermatogenesis is the process of sperm production in the testes, involving the division and maturation of germ cells.
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What is the function of the cervix in the female reproductive system?
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The cervix acts as a gateway between the vagina and the uterus, allowing flow of menstrual blood and serving as a passage during childbirth.
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What is the IVF process?
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In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) involves extracting egg and sperm cells, fertilizing them outside the body, and implanting the embryo into the uterus.
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What is the main purpose of the human reproductive system?
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The main purpose is to produce offspring and ensure the continuation of genetic material to the next generation.
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