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What are industrial enzymes?
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Industrial enzymes are proteins used to accelerate chemical reactions in industrial processes, improving efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability.
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Name two common industries that use enzymes.
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Textile and food industries commonly use enzymes to improve efficiency and product quality.
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How do enzymes enhance the paper industry?
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Enzymes in the paper industry break down lignin, enhance pulp bleaching, and reduce the need for harsh chemicals.
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Why are enzymes preferred over chemical catalysts industrially?
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Enzymes are preferred due to their specificity, efficiency, and ability to work under mild conditions without generating hazardous by-products.
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What role do enzymes play in the detergent industry?
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Enzymes in detergents break down stains and enhance cleaning efficiency, leading to effective stain removal even at lower temperatures.
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Explain the term 'biocatalysis' in relation to enzymes.
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Biocatalysis refers to the use of natural catalysts, like enzymes, to perform chemical transformations on organic compounds, especially in industrial settings.
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What is the role of proteases in the food industry?
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Proteases are used in the food industry to break down proteins, aiding in processes like tenderizing meat and cheese-making.
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Describe one environmental benefit of using industrial enzymes.
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One environmental benefit is the reduction of energy consumption, as enzymes allow processes to occur at lower temperatures and pressures.
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What are cellulases, and what is their industrial application?
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Cellulases are enzymes that break down cellulose into glucose; they are used in industries like textiles and biofuels.
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How have enzymes impacted the dairy industry?
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Enzymes like rennet help coagulate milk, improving cheese production efficiency and quality.
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What is an example of enzyme specificity in industry?
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Lipase enzymes target lipid (fat) molecules specifically, utilized in industries like food and cosmetics for precise reactions.
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What are amylases, and where are they used?
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Amylases break down starches into sugars and are widely used in food industries, especially in baking and brewing.
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How are enzymes used in the biofuel industry?
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Enzymes such as cellulases break down biomass into fermentable sugars, facilitating the production of biofuels like ethanol.
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How do pectinases assist in the juice extraction process?
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Pectinases break down pectin in fruit cell walls, improving juice yield and clarity in the beverage industry.
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What is enzyme immobilization, and why is it important industrially?
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Enzyme immobilization involves fixing enzymes onto a solid support, enhancing their stability and reuse in industrial processes.
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