Introduction to Circuits

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What is an electric circuit?
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An electric circuit is a closed loop or pathway that allows electric current to flow, powered by a source of electricity.
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What are the two main types of circuits?
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The two main types of circuits are series circuits and parallel circuits.
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Define a series circuit.
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A series circuit is an electric circuit in which components are connected end-to-end in a single path for the current to flow.
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Define a parallel circuit.
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A parallel circuit is an electric circuit where components are connected across common points or junctions, allowing multiple paths for current flow.
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What is meant by the term ‘current’?
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Current is the flow of electric charge through a conductor, typically measured in amperes (A).
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What is the difference between AC and DC current?
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AC (Alternating Current) changes direction periodically, while DC (Direct Current) flows in one direction consistently.
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What constitutes a basic circuit?
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A basic circuit consists of a power source, conductors, a load, and, often, a switch.
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What role does a resistor play in a circuit?
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A resistor limits or regulates the flow of electrical current in a circuit.
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What is a short circuit?
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A short circuit occurs when there's a low-resistance connection between two conductors supplying electrical power to a circuit.
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What is the function of a capacitor in a circuit?
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A capacitor stores and releases electrical energy in a circuit as needed.
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How does adding more components in a series affect the total resistance?
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Adding more components in series increases the total resistance of the circuit.
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How does adding more paths in parallel affect the total resistance?
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Adding more paths in parallel decreases the total resistance of the circuit.
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What is the role of a switch in a circuit?
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A switch controls the operation of a circuit by opening (off) or closing (on) the circuit path.
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What safety device protects circuits from excess current?
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Circuit breakers and fuses protect circuits from excess current by interrupting the flow when current is too high.
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What is a circuit diagram?
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A circuit diagram is a representation using symbols to show how electrical components are connected in a circuit.
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