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What are enzymes?
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Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.
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How do enzymes affect the activation energy of a reaction?
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Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction to proceed.
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What is the active site of an enzyme?
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The active site is the region on an enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction occurs.
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What is substrate specificity in enzymes?
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Substrate specificity means that each enzyme can only bind to specific substrate molecules with a complementary shape.
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How are enzymes named?
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Enzymes are often named after the substrate they act on, with the suffix '-ase' added, such as lipase or protease.
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What factors can affect enzyme activity?
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Enzyme activity can be affected by temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, and substrate concentration.
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What is meant by enzyme denaturation?
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Denaturation refers to the process where an enzyme loses its structure and, therefore, its function, often caused by high temperatures or extreme pH.
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What is the role of coenzymes in enzyme activity?
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Coenzymes are organic molecules that bind to enzymes and assist in the enzyme's catalytic reaction, often by acting as carriers for electrons or specific atoms.
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Can enzymes be used more than once?
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Yes, enzymes are not consumed in the reaction, so they can be used repeatedly to catalyze multiple reactions.
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What is an example of an enzyme and its function?
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An example is amylase, which breaks down starch into sugars during digestion.
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What is enzyme inhibition?
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Enzyme inhibition is a process where a molecule binds to an enzyme and decreases its activity.
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What is a competitive inhibitor?
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A competitive inhibitor is a molecule that competes with the substrate by binding to the active site of the enzyme.
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What is a non-competitive inhibitor?
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A non-competitive inhibitor binds to a site other than the active site, causing a change in enzyme shape and function.
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How does enzyme concentration impact reaction rate?
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Increasing enzyme concentration generally increases the reaction rate, provided there is an excess of substrate available.
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Why are enzymes crucial for living organisms?
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Enzymes are crucial because they enable metabolic processes to occur quickly and efficiently at body temperatures.
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