Introduction to Functional Groups

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What is a functional group in organic chemistry?
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A functional group is a specific group of atoms within a molecule that is responsible for a characteristic chemical reaction of that molecule.
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Why are functional groups important in organic chemistry?
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Functional groups are important because they determine the reactivity and physical properties of an organic compound.
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What are some examples of functional groups?
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Examples include hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, and alkyl groups.
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How do functional groups affect molecule polarity?
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Functional groups can introduce polarity to molecules, making them more soluble in water or other polar solvents.
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What is the role of the hydroxyl group?
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The hydroxyl group (–OH) is responsible for forming alcohols and phenols, and it increases water solubility and potential hydrogen bonding.
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