Logarithmic Functions: Graphs and Properties

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What is a logarithmic function?
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A logarithmic function is the inverse of an exponential function, typically expressed as y = log_b(x), where b is the base.
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How does the base of a logarithm affect the graph of a logarithmic function?
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The base determines the rate at which the function grows. A larger base results in a more gradual slope, while a smaller base results in a steeper slope.
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What is the domain of a logarithmic function?
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The domain of a logarithmic function is all positive real numbers (x > 0).
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What is the range of a logarithmic function?
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The range of a logarithmic function is all real numbers.
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Describe the general shape of the graph of a logarithmic function.
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The graph of a logarithmic function is a curve that passes through the point (1,0), rises to the right, and approaches the y-axis but never touches it.
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What is the vertical asymptote of a logarithmic function?
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The vertical asymptote of a logarithmic function is at x = 0.
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How do you find the x-intercept of a logarithmic function y = log_b(x)?
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The x-intercept is found by setting y = 0, thus x = 1, because log_b(1) = 0 for any base b.
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What happens to the graph of a logarithmic function if the base b > 1?
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If b > 1, the function is increasing, meaning it rises as x increases.
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What happens to the graph of a logarithmic function if 0 < b < 1?
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If 0 < b < 1, the function is decreasing, meaning it falls as x increases.
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What is the inverse operation of a logarithmic function?
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The inverse operation is an exponential function.
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Why can't the base of a logarithm be 1?
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If the base were 1, the log function would be undefined for all x ≠ 1, as log_1(x) isn't defined in a meaningful way.
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How is the change of base formula used in logarithmic functions?
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The change of base formula, log_b(x) = log_k(x) / log_k(b), allows you to compute a logarithm using any base k.
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What is the reflection property of logarithmic functions?
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A logarithmic function y = log_b(x) is symmetric with respect to the line y = x when compared to its inverse, the exponential function.
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How does a vertical shift affect the graph of a logarithmic function?
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A vertical shift translates the graph up or down. For example, y = log_b(x) + c shifts the graph c units up if c is positive.
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How does a horizontal shift affect the graph of a logarithmic function?
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A horizontal shift translates the graph left or right. For example, y = log_b(x - h) shifts the graph h units to the right.
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