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What was the basic structure of the feudal system?
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The feudal system was structured in a hierarchical manner with the king at the top, followed by nobles, knights, and peasants at the bottom.
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How did a king grant land in the feudal system?
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A king granted land (fiefs) to his nobles in exchange for military service and loyalty.
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Who were serfs in the feudal system?
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Serfs were agricultural laborers bound to the land they worked on, owned by a lord.
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What role did knights play in the feudal system?
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Knights provided military service to their lords in return for land or protection.
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What is a vassal in the context of feudalism?
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A vassal was a person who received land from a lord and pledged loyalty and service in return.
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Define a fief in the feudal system.
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A fief was a piece of land given by a lord to a vassal in exchange for loyalty and service.
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What duties did a lord have to their vassals?
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Lords provided protection and judicial rights to their vassals, along with the land granted to them (fiefs).
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How was the feudal system beneficial for a medieval king?
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The feudal system allowed a king to maintain control over large territories through loyal nobles and the military support they provided.
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Why was land important in the feudal system?
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Land was the primary source of wealth and power, serving as the basis for economic production and social status.
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What was the "manor" in the context of a feudal system?
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A manor was the lord's estate, including homes, villages, and surrounding lands worked by peasants and serfs.
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How did the feudal system impact medieval Europe’s political stability?
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The feudal system provided political stability by establishing clear hierarchies and mutual obligations, but also led to fragmentation into many small, autonomous feudal territories.
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What is homage in the context of feudalism?
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Homage was a ceremonial acknowledgement of a vassal's allegiance to a lord in the feudal society.
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How did military technology influence the feudal system?
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Advancements like the horse and armor reinforced the role of knights and necessitated land grants to support these costly resources.
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What led to the decline of the feudal system?
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The growth of centralized monarchies, economic expansion, and external invasions contributed to the decline of feudalism.
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Explain the concept of "fealty" in the feudal system.
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Fealty was the loyalty sworn by a vassal to their lord, promising service and allegiance.
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