Menstrual Cycle Phases

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What are the four main phases of the menstrual cycle?
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The four main phases are the menstrual phase, follicular phase, ovulation, and luteal phase.
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What occurs during the menstrual phase?
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The uterine lining sheds, resulting in menstrual bleeding, lasting 3-7 days.
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What is the key event in the follicular phase?
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The growth of follicles in the ovary, leading to the maturation of an egg, supported by increasing estrogen levels.
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When does ovulation typically occur in the cycle?
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Ovulation usually occurs around day 14 of a 28-day cycle, when a mature egg is released from an ovary.
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What marks the luteal phase?
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The luteal phase is marked by the presence of the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone to maintain the uterine lining.
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How long does the luteal phase typically last?
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The luteal phase typically lasts about 14 days.
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What hormonal changes occur during the follicular phase?
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During the follicular phase, estrogen levels rise as FSH promotes follicular growth.
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What hormone is responsible for triggering ovulation?
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Luteinizing hormone (LH) is responsible for triggering ovulation.
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What are some physical symptoms a person might experience during ovulation?
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Some people experience mild abdominal pain, increased basal body temperature, and changes in cervical mucus during ovulation.
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Why is progesterone important during the luteal phase?
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Progesterone stabilizes the uterine lining to prepare for potential implantation of a fertilized egg.
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What leads to the onset of menstruation if pregnancy has not occurred?
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A drop in progesterone and estrogen levels leads to the onset of menstruation.
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Can the length of the menstrual cycle vary among individuals?
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Yes, the menstrual cycle can vary in length, commonly ranging from 21 to 35 days.
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What role does the hypothalamus play in the menstrual cycle?
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The hypothalamus releases GnRH, which regulates the release of FSH and LH from the pituitary gland.
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How might stress affect the menstrual cycle?
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Stress can disrupt hormonal balance, potentially delaying ovulation and affecting cycle length.
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What is the significance of cervical mucus changes during the cycle?
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Cervical mucus changes help indicate fertility, becoming clearer and stretchy during ovulation.
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