Motives and Methods of European Imperialism

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What were the main motives behind European Imperialism in the 19th century?
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Economic interests, political competition, spreading Christianity, and cultural superiority were the main motives.
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Which regions were most affected by European Imperialism?
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Africa, Asia, and the Americas were most affected by European Imperialism.
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What was the Berlin Conference of 1884-85?
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A meeting where European nations divided Africa into territories without African input.
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How did the concept of the 'White Man's Burden' relate to imperialism?
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It justified European imperialism as a moral obligation to civilize non-European peoples.
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What role did technological advancements play in European Imperialism?
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Advancements like the steam engine, telegraphs, and medical breakthroughs facilitated imperialism.
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What were 'protectorates' in the context of European Imperialism?
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Protectorates were regions partially controlled and protected by a foreign power.
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What economic theory supported European Imperialism?
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Mercantilism, emphasizing wealth accumulation and trade surplus, was a driving force.
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Which two countries challenged Britain’s colonial supremacy in the late 19th century?
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Germany and the United States emerged as significant challengers.
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What is meant by 'colonial rivalries'?
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Conflicts and competition among European nations for overseas territories.
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How did European Imperialism lead to cultural exchanges?
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Imperialism facilitated the transfer of technologies, languages, and cultural practices.
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Which ideology justified the belief in European superiority during imperialism?
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Social Darwinism suggested that Europeans were superior due to evolutionary progress.
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What was the impact of European Imperialism on indigenous populations?
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It led to cultural disruption, exploitation, and significant population declines.
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Name a major anti-imperial movement.
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The Indian Independence Movement was a major anti-imperial movement against British rule.
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Can you name an imperial power that had significant holdings in Africa?
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Britain had extensive colonies in Africa, including Egypt, Sudan, and South Africa.
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What was the impact of the Opium Wars on China?
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China was forced to open trade and ceded Hong Kong to Britain.
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