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What is nuclear fusion?
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Nuclear fusion is the process where two light atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy.
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Which elements are most commonly involved in nuclear fusion?
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Hydrogen isotopes, such as deuterium and tritium, are typically involved in nuclear fusion.
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Why is fusion considered a potential energy source for the future?
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Fusion could provide a virtually limitless supply of energy with minimal environmental impact, as it produces little to no radioactive waste.
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What is the primary challenge in achieving nuclear fusion?
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The primary challenge is attaining and maintaining the extremely high temperatures and pressures needed for fusion.
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What is a tokamak?
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A tokamak is a device designed to confine hot plasma using magnetic fields in the shape of a torus, used in fusion research.
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Where does nuclear fusion naturally occur?
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Nuclear fusion naturally occurs in the cores of stars, including the Sun.
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What are the byproducts of nuclear fusion?
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The primary byproducts of nuclear fusion are helium and energy in the form of heat.
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How does fusion compare to fission in terms of safety?
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Fusion is considered safer than fission because it cannot have runaway reactions and produces significantly less radioactive waste.
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What is the Lawson Criterion?
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The Lawson Criterion is a condition that defines the necessary conditions of temperature, pressure, and confinement time required for a fusion reaction to be self-sustaining.
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Why is achieving net energy gain from fusion challenging?
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Achieving net energy gain is challenging because the energy required to initiate and sustain fusion currently exceeds the energy produced.
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What role does the ITER project play in fusion research?
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The ITER project is an international effort to develop a large-scale nuclear fusion reactor to demonstrate the feasibility of fusion as a power source.
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What is inertial confinement fusion?
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Inertial confinement fusion involves compressing fuel pellets using high-energy lasers or ion beams to initiate fusion reactions.
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How does the Sun sustain nuclear fusion?
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The Sun sustains nuclear fusion through gravitational force and high temperatures and pressures, fusing hydrogen into helium.
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What are some potential environmental benefits of fusion energy?
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Fusion energy could greatly reduce reliance on fossil fuels and emit no air pollutants or greenhouse gases.
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What is a stellarator?
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A stellarator is a device that uses twisted magnetic fields to confine plasma and attempt to achieve controlled nuclear fusion.
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