Phase Changes

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What is a phase change?
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A phase change is a transition between different states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, by adding or removing energy.
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What occurs during melting?
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During melting, a solid absorbs heat and changes into a liquid.
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What is sublimation?
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Sublimation is the direct transition from a solid state to a gaseous state without first becoming liquid.
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What is freezing?
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Freezing is the process where a liquid turns into a solid by losing heat.
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What happens during vaporization?
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Vaporization is the phase change from liquid to gas, which includes boiling and evaporation.
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What is condensation?
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Condensation is the change of state from gas to liquid when vapor loses heat.
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What is deposition?
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Deposition is the direct phase transition from gas to solid, bypassing the liquid state.
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What are the factors affecting phase changes?
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Factors include temperature, pressure, and the substance's chemical nature.
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How does pressure affect boiling?
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Higher pressure raises the boiling point of a liquid, requiring more heat to vaporize.
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Why is heat required for a phase change?
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Heat provides the energy necessary for molecules to overcome the forces holding them in a particular state.
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What is a phase diagram?
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A phase diagram is a graphical representation of the states of matter of a substance under different conditions of temperature and pressure.
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What is meant by the term 'latent heat'?
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Latent heat is the energy absorbed or released during a phase change without temperature change.
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What occurs at the melting point?
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At the melting point, a substance transitions between solid and liquid at equilibrium, given constant pressure.
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What is evaporation, and how is it different from boiling?
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Evaporation is the slow phase change from liquid to gas occurring at the surface, not requiring boiling temperatures.
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What is the triple point in a phase change context?
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The triple point is the condition at which all three phases of a substance can exist in equilibrium simultaneously.
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