Probability and Statistics

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What is probability in mathematics?
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The measure of the likelihood that an event will occur, ranging from 0 to 1.
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Define an event in probability.
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An outcome or a set of outcomes from a probability experiment.
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What is the formula for calculating probability?
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Probability = Number of favorable outcomes / Total number of possible outcomes.
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What is a random variable?
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A variable that takes on different values based on the outcomes of a random event.
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Define the term 'mean' in statistics.
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The average of a set of numbers, calculated by dividing the sum of all values by the number of values.
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What is a median?
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The middle value of a data set when the values are arranged in order.
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Define 'mode' in statistics.
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The value that appears most frequently in a data set.
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What is a histogram?
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A graphical representation showing the distribution of data using bars of different heights.
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Explain the term 'sample space.'
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The set of all possible outcomes in a probability experiment.
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What does 'standard deviation' measure?
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The amount of variation or dispersion in a set of data values.
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What is a probability distribution?
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A function that provides the probabilities of occurrence of different possible outcomes.
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How is a bar chart different from a histogram?
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A bar chart displays categorical data with spaces between bars, while a histogram displays numerical data with connected bars.
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What is a frequency table?
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A table that shows the number of times each value appears in a data set.
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How do you calculate the range of a data set?
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Subtract the smallest value from the largest value in the set.
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What is a cumulative frequency?
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The total number of values less than or equal to a particular value in a data set.
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