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What principle states that particles have wave-like properties?
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The de Broglie hypothesis states that all matter exhibits wave-like properties.
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In quantum mechanics, what does the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle describe?
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It describes the limit to the precision with which certain pairs of physical properties, such as position and momentum, can be known simultaneously.
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What is the Schrödinger Equation used for in quantum mechanics?
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The Schrödinger Equation is used to describe how the quantum state of a physical system changes over time.
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What concept explains the dual wave-particle nature of light and matter?
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Wave-particle duality explains that every particle or quantum entity may be described as either a particle or a wave.
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Define a quantum state.
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A quantum state is the state of a system as described by a set of quantum numbers, represented by a wave function.
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What is superposition in quantum mechanics?
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Superposition is the principle that a quantum system can exist in multiple states or realities simultaneously until it is measured.
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How is probability used in quantum mechanics?
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Probability is used to predict where particles are likely to be found or how they will act, as exact outcomes cannot be determined.
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Name one application of quantum mechanics in technology.
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One application is quantum computing, which uses the principles of quantum superposition and entanglement to perform operations on data.
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What is quantum entanglement?
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Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon where particles become linked, and the state of one instantly influences the state of the other, regardless of distance.
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Describe the photoelectric effect.
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The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons from a material when light of a certain frequency shines on it, demonstrating the particle nature of light.
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Explain what a photon is.
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A photon is a quantum of electromagnetic energy with both wave-like and particle-like properties.
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What is tunneling in quantum mechanics?
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Tunneling is the quantum phenomenon where a particle passes through a barrier that it classically shouldn't be able to pass.
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How does quantum mechanics impact the field of chemistry?
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Quantum mechanics explains the behavior of electrons in atoms and molecules, which is fundamental to understanding chemical bonding and reactions.
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What role does the quantum number play?
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Quantum numbers specify properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in these orbitals.
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What is a Bose-Einstein Condensate?
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A Bose-Einstein Condensate is a state of matter formed by atoms cooled to near absolute zero, where quantum effects can be observed on a macroscopic scale.
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In quantum mechanics, what is an 'observable'?
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An observable is a physical quantity that can be measured, such as position or momentum, represented by operators in quantum mechanics.
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What principle uses the probability density in quantum mechanics?
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The Born rule relates quantum mechanical probability densities to the likelihood of finding a particle in a particular state upon measurement.
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Define quantum decoherence.
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Quantum decoherence is the process by which quantum systems interact with their environments in a thermodynamically irreversible way, causing the loss of coherent properties.
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How does quantum mechanics explain energy levels in atoms?
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Quantum mechanics shows that electrons exist in discrete energy levels within an atom, as described by quantized orbits or shells.
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What is quantization in the context of quantum mechanics?
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Quantization refers to the process of constraining an item from a large set of possible values to a discrete set, such as energy levels of electrons in an atom.
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