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What is the process by which pollen is transferred from anther to stigma?
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This process is called pollination.
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Describe the difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination.
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Self-pollination occurs within the same flower or between flowers of the same plant, whereas cross-pollination occurs between flowers of different plants.
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What are the two main types of reproductive organs in flowers?
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The two main types of reproductive organs are the stamen (male) and the pistil (female).
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What is the function of a flower's petal?
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Petals attract pollinators with their color and scent.
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What is double fertilization in flowering plants?
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Double fertilization is the process where one sperm fertilizes the egg forming a zygote, and the other fuses with two polar nuclei forming endosperm.
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How does the structure of a wind-pollinated flower differ from an animal-pollinated one?
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Wind-pollinated flowers usually lack large brightly colored petals; they have long stamens and pistils to facilitate catching the wind.
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What is the role of sepals in a flower?
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Sepals protect the flower bud before it opens.
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What is the ovule in flowering plants?
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The ovule is the structure that develops into a seed after fertilization.
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How do seeds form in flowering plants?
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Seeds form when an ovule is fertilized by pollen and develops within the ovary.
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What is the significance of the endosperm in flowering plants?
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The endosperm provides nourishment to the developing embryo within the seed.
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Why is genetic variation important in cross-pollination?
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Genetic variation increases biodiversity and can improve a plant's ability to adapt to changing environments.
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What structures form the female part of the flower?
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The pistil, which includes the stigma, style, and ovary, forms the female part.
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How is a fruit formed in flowering plants?
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Fruit forms from the ovary after fertilization as it contains the developing seeds.
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What is a pollen tube and what role does it play in fertilization?
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A pollen tube grows from a pollen grain down the style to deliver sperm cells to the ovule for fertilization.
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Give an example of a plant that uses animal pollinators.
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Roses are an example of plants that are typically pollinated by insects.
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