Reproductive System Overview

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What are the primary functions of the reproductive system?
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The primary functions are to produce gametes, facilitate fertilization, and support the development of a new organism.
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Name the male gonads and their primary function.
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The male gonads are the testes, and their primary function is to produce sperm and testosterone.
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What is the role of the ovaries in the female reproductive system?
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The ovaries produce eggs (ova) and secrete hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.
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What is fertilization?
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Fertilization is the process where a sperm cell and an egg cell combine to form a zygote.
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Where does fertilization typically occur in the female reproductive system?
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Fertilization typically occurs in the fallopian tubes.
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Define gametogenesis.
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Gametogenesis is the process of forming gametes, with spermatogenesis occurring in males and oogenesis in females.
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Name two hormones involved in the female menstrual cycle.
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Estrogen and progesterone.
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What is the main function of the uterus?
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The main function of the uterus is to house and nourish a developing fetus during pregnancy.
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What is the structure that transports sperm from the testes to the urethra?
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The vas deferens.
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Explain the term 'menstruation'.
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Menstruation is the shedding of the uterine lining, occurring when pregnancy does not take place.
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What are the external female reproductive structures collectively called?
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The vulva.
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What is the role of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?
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The prostate gland produces a fluid that, along with spermatozoa and seminal vesicle fluid, makes up the semen.
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What phase follows ovulation in the menstrual cycle?
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The luteal phase follows ovulation in the menstrual cycle.
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Which structure in the male reproductive system stores sperm?
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The epididymis stores sperm.
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What is the pathway of sperm exiting the male body?
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Sperm travel from the testes through the epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, and exit through the urethra.
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