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What is resonance in an AC circuit?
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Resonance in an AC circuit occurs when the inductive reactance and capacitive reactance are equal in magnitude, resulting in the circuit having a purely resistive impedance.
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How does resonance affect the impedance of an AC circuit?
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At resonance, the impedance of an AC circuit is minimized to its resistive component because the inductive and capacitive reactances cancel each other out.
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What is the resonant frequency formula for a simple LC circuit?
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The resonant frequency, \( f_0 \), in a simple LC circuit is given by the formula \( f_0 = \frac{1}{2\pi\sqrt{LC}} \).
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Why is resonance important in AC circuit design?
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Resonance is important because it allows selective frequency response, maximizing voltage and current at the resonant frequency while minimizing losses.
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What happens to the power factor at resonance in a series RLC circuit?
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At resonance, the power factor of a series RLC circuit becomes 1 (or unity), indicating no phase difference between voltage and current.
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What is the quality factor (Q) in relation to resonance?
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The quality factor (Q) measures the sharpness of resonance in a circuit, defined as \( Q = \frac{f_0}{BW} \), where \( BW \) is the bandwidth of the resonant frequency.
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How does damping affect resonance in AC circuits?
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Damping reduces the amplitude of oscillations in resonant circuits, broadening the bandwidth and decreasing the quality factor.
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In a parallel RLC circuit, what is the condition for resonance?
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For a parallel RLC circuit, resonance occurs when the total circuit impedance is at a maximum, typically when the susceptance of the inductor equals that of the capacitor.
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How can resonant frequency be altered in a circuit?
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The resonant frequency can be changed by altering the inductance (L) or capacitance (C) in the circuit, as both directly affect the resonant frequency equation.
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What role does the capacitor play in an AC resonant circuit?
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The capacitor stores and releases electrical energy, affecting the phase of the current relative to voltage, which is crucial in determining resonance.
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Why is bandwidth considered when discussing resonance?
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Bandwidth refers to the range of frequencies over which the circuit effectively responds, indicating how sharp or broad the resonance is.
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How does resistance influence resonance in a series RLC circuit?
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In a series RLC circuit, higher resistance reduces the peak amplitude of the resonant frequency and broadens the resonance curve.
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Can resonance occur in circuits containing only capacitors or only inductors?
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No, resonance requires both inductive and capacitive elements to exist concurrently, as it depends on the phase opposition between them.
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How are resonant AC circuits used in real-world applications?
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Resonant AC circuits are used in radios, TV tuners, and filters to tune into specific frequencies and in induction heating or wireless energy transfer.
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What is inductive reactance and how does it affect resonance?
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Inductive reactance is the opposition to change in current by an inductor, and it contributes to resonance by interacting with capacitive reactance.
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