Respiratory System Essentials

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What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
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The primary function of the respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide.
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Where does gas exchange occur in the respiratory system?
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Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs.
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What is the role of the diaphragm in breathing?
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The diaphragm contracts to pull air into the lungs and relaxes to push air out.
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What structures make up the upper respiratory tract?
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The upper respiratory tract includes the nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, and pharynx.
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What is the function of cilia in the respiratory system?
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Cilia help move mucus and trapped particles out of the airways.
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What is the pharynx and its role in the respiratory system?
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The pharynx is a muscular tube that serves as a passageway for air on its way to the lungs.
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How do the bronchi and bronchioles differ?
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The bronchi are larger air passages that branch from the trachea into each lung; bronchioles are smaller branches that lead to alveoli.
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What is the importance of the trachea in the respiratory system?
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The trachea, or windpipe, is the main airway that leads air to the lungs.
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What role do lungs play in the respiratory system?
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Lungs facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the alveoli.
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How does breathing rate change with activity?
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Breathing rate increases with physical activity to meet the body's higher oxygen demand and remove excess carbon dioxide.
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What triggers the coughing reflex in the respiratory system?
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The coughing reflex is triggered by irritants in the airways, such as dust or smoke.
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What is emphysema and how does it affect the respiratory system?
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Emphysema is a lung condition that destroys alveoli, reducing gas exchange efficiency.
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How does the body regulate breathing?
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The medulla oblongata in the brainstem regulates breathing by responding to CO2 levels in the blood.
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What is asthma and how does it affect the respiratory system?
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Asthma is a condition where airways become inflamed and narrowed, making breathing difficult.
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What is the function of the larynx in the respiratory system?
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The larynx houses the vocal cords and helps protect the airway during swallowing.
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