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What is seed dormancy?
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Seed dormancy is a condition in which seeds are prevented from germinating even under environmental conditions normally favorable for germination.
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What are the main types of seed dormancy?
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The main types of seed dormancy are physiological dormancy, morphological dormancy, and physical dormancy.
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How does temperature affect seed dormancy?
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Temperature can break seed dormancy by simulating environmental conditions necessary for germination, like stratification or thermoinhibition.
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What is physical dormancy in seeds?
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Physical dormancy occurs when a seed's hard coat prevents water absorption, which is necessary for germination.
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How can physiological dormancy be overcome?
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Physiological dormancy can often be overcome by cold stratification or chemical treatments to alter internal conditions conducive to germination.
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What role does light play in seed dormancy?
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Light can act as a cue for breaking dormancy, especially in seeds sensitive to specific light wavelengths, influencing germination readiness.
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What are some adaptations plants have evolved related to seed dormancy?
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Plants have adaptations like seed coat hardness, biological inhibitors within seeds, and responsiveness to environmental triggers like fire or temperature changes.
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How does seed dormancy benefit plant survival?
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Seed dormancy allows seeds to postpone germination until conditions are optimal, increasing chances of successful seedling development.
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What is morphological dormancy?
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Morphological dormancy refers to seeds that have underdeveloped embryos requiring time or specific conditions to mature before germination.
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Can all seeds enter dormancy?
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Not all seeds exhibit dormancy; some are non-dormant and can germinate soon after they're dispersed under favorable conditions.
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What is seed stratification?
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Seed stratification is a process of treating seeds to simulate natural conditions they must experience before germination, often involving temperature manipulation.
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How does water availability affect seed dormancy?
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Water is essential for germination, and a lack of it can maintain dormancy by inhibiting metabolic processes necessary for seed growth.
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What are inhibitors in seed dormancy?
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Inhibitors like abscisic acid are chemicals that prevent germination by maintaining dormancy until broken down or diluted by external conditions.
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How does fire influence some seed dormancies?
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Fire can break seed dormancy by cracking hard seed coats or through chemical changes in the soil, promoting germination in fire-adapted species.
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What is the ecological significance of seed dormancy?
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Seed dormancy promotes biodiversity by enabling species survival through varying climate conditions, ensuring species persistence across temporal and environmental scales.
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