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What is the purpose of separation techniques in chemistry?
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Separation techniques are used to divide mixtures into their individual components.
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What is filtration used for?
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Filtration is used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid.
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Name a situation where evaporation is used as a separation technique.
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Evaporation is used to separate a dissolved solid from a liquid, such as obtaining salt from saltwater.
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How does distillation differ from evaporation?
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Distillation separates substances based on boiling points and allows collection of both components, whereas evaporation only reclaims the dissolved solid.
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What is chromatography used for?
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Chromatography is used to separate and analyze different components of a mixture.
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In chromatography, what is the stationary phase?
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The stationary phase is the material that does not move, such as the paper in paper chromatography.
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Why is fractional distillation used for crude oil?
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Fractional distillation separates components of crude oil based on their different boiling points.
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How does a separating funnel work?
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A separating funnel separates immiscible liquids based on their densities.
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What kind of mixture can be separated using a magnet?
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A mixture containing magnetic and non-magnetic substances can be separated using a magnet.
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Give an example of a mixture that can be separated by using sublimation.
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A mixture of iodine and sand can be separated using sublimation, as iodine sublimates while sand does not.
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What is the principle behind centrifugation?
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Centrifugation separates components based on their densities using high-speed spinning.
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Which technique is ideal for separating a mixture of sand and salt?
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Dissolving in water, filtration to remove sand, and evaporation to reclaim the salt.
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What is a real-life application of filtration?
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Water purification systems use filtration to remove solid contaminants.
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What is the role of the mobile phase in chromatography?
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The mobile phase carries the components of the mixture along the stationary phase.
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What separation technique is best for separating colored compounds?
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Chromatography is ideal for separating colored compounds.
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