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What is a separation technique?
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A separation technique is a process used to separate two or more substances from a mixture.
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Why are separation techniques important?
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Separation techniques are important because they allow the isolation of useful substances from mixtures, making them pure or suitable for further use.
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Name two common separation techniques used in daily life.
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Filtration and distillation are common separation techniques used in daily life.
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What is filtration?
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Filtration is a method used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid by passing the mixture through a filter.
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Give an example of filtration in daily life.
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An example of filtration is using a coffee filter to separate coffee grounds from liquid coffee.
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What is evaporation used for in separation processes?
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Evaporation is used to separate a solvent from a solution by heating it until the solvent turns into vapor, leaving the solute behind.
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Describe a situation where evaporation is used in separation.
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Evaporation is used to obtain salt from seawater by allowing the water to evaporate, leaving salt crystals behind.
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What is distillation?
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Distillation is a process that separates the components of a liquid mixture based on their boiling points.
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How does distillation work?
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Distillation works by heating the mixture to boil one of the components, which vaporizes and is then condensed back into a liquid.
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What is an example of distillation in use?
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An example is the distillation of crude oil in refineries to separate its components like gasoline and diesel.
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What is chromatography?
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Chromatography is a technique used to separate and identify mixtures of substances based on their movement through a medium under the influence of a solvent.
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Where is chromatography commonly used?
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Chromatography is commonly used in laboratories to test the purity of substances or identify compounds in a mixture.
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What is centrifugation?
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Centrifugation is a process by which a centrifuge is used to separate substances of different densities by spinning them at high speed.
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What is an everyday example of centrifugation?
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An everyday example of centrifugation is the use of a washing machine to spin clothes and remove water.
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What is decantation?
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Decantation is a process for separating immiscible liquids or a liquid from sediment by pouring one layer off.
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Provide an example of decantation.
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An example is pouring off water from cooked rice to separate the rice grains from the water.
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What is magnetic separation?
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Magnetic separation is a process in which magnetically susceptible material is extracted from a mixture using a magnetic force.
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When is magnetic separation used?
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Magnetic separation is used in recycling to separate metal waste materials from non-metals.
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What is sedimentation in the context of separation techniques?
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Sedimentation is a process where gravity is used to separate heavier particles from lighter particles by allowing them to settle at the bottom of a container.
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Give an example of sedimentation in everyday life.
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An example is letting muddy water stand still so that the dirt particles settle at the bottom, leaving clear water on top.
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