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What is Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)?
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Simple Harmonic Motion is a type of periodic motion where an object oscillates back and forth through an equilibrium position, and the restoring force is proportional to the displacement.
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What is the formula for the period of a mass-spring system in SHM?
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The period T is given by T = 2π√(m/k), where m is the mass and k is the spring constant.
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Define the amplitude of SHM.
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Amplitude is the maximum displacement of the object from its equilibrium position in SHM.
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What is the relationship between frequency and period in SHM?
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The frequency f is the reciprocal of the period T, that is, f = 1/T.
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Explain the concept of phase in SHM.
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The phase of SHM describes the position and direction of motion of the oscillating object at a given time.
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How is energy conserved in SHM?
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In SHM, mechanical energy is conserved, oscillating between kinetic and potential energy.
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What is the role of damping in SHM?
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Damping reduces the amplitude of SHM over time due to non-conservative forces like friction.
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Describe the motion of a simple pendulum in SHM.
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A simple pendulum exhibits SHM when the angle of displacement is small. It swings back and forth through its equilibrium position.
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What is the natural frequency of a system in SHM?
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The natural frequency is the frequency at which a system oscillates when not subjected to a continuous or repeated external force.
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Can you give an example of a real-world application of SHM?
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One example is the use of SHM in the design of tuning forks, which produce a consistent pitch when struck.
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What is the equation of motion for SHM?
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The motion equation is x(t) = A cos(ωt + φ), where A is amplitude, ω is angular frequency, t is time, and φ is phase.
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What influences the angular frequency in SHM?
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Angular frequency ω is influenced by the mass and stiffness (spring constant) of the system, ω = √(k/m).
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What is resonance in the context of SHM?
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Resonance occurs when a system is driven at its natural frequency, leading to a large increase in amplitude.
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How does the length of a pendulum affect its period in SHM?
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The period T of a pendulum is proportional to the square root of its length, T = 2π√(l/g).
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Why is SHM considered a foundational concept in physics?
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SHM is foundational because it models the behavior of waves and oscillations, applicable to various physical systems and technologies.
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