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What is a solution in chemistry?
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A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances. In a solution, a solute is dissolved in a solvent.
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What is solubility?
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Solubility is the ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent at a certain temperature and pressure to form a homogeneous solution.
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How does temperature affect solubility?
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For most solids, solubility increases with temperature, whereas the solubility of gases decreases as temperature increases.
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What role does pressure play in solubility for gases?
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Pressure increases the solubility of gases. According to Henry's law, the solubility of a gas is directly proportional to the pressure of that gas above the solution.
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What is a saturated solution?
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A saturated solution is a solution in which no more solute can dissolve at a given temperature and pressure.
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What is meant by an unsaturated solution?
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An unsaturated solution can dissolve more solute at a given temperature and pressure.
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What is a supersaturated solution?
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A supersaturated solution contains more dissolved solute than would be normally possible at a certain temperature.
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How does stirring affect solubility?
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Stirring a solution usually increases the rate at which the solute dissolves, but does not change the total amount of solute that can dissolve.
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What is an example of a solution in everyday life?
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Salt water is a common example where salt (solute) is dissolved in water (solvent) to form a solution.
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What factors affect solubility?
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Solubility is affected by temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solute and solvent.
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Why is solubility important in pharmaceuticals?
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Solubility determines how well a drug can be absorbed into the bloodstream, impacting its effectiveness.
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What is a colloid?
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A colloid is a mixture where one substance is dispersed in another but not dissolved, with particles larger than in a solution but smaller than in a suspension.
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Can all solutes be dissolved in all solvents?
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No, solubility depends on the chemical nature of the solute and solvent and their interactions.
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What is the Tyndall effect?
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The Tyndall effect is the scattering of light by particles in a colloid or in fine suspensions.
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What is a common laboratory method to measure solubility?
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A common method is to add solute to a solvent until no more dissolves, then weigh the undissolved solute to calculate solubility.
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