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What is the primary function of the digestive system?
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The primary function of the digestive system is to break down food into nutrients that the body can absorb and use for energy, growth, and cell repair.
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Where does digestion begin?
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Digestion begins in the mouth, where food is chewed and mixed with saliva, beginning the breakdown of carbohydrates.
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Name the enzyme in saliva that breaks down carbohydrates.
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The enzyme in saliva that breaks down carbohydrates is called amylase.
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What is the role of the stomach in digestion?
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The stomach further breaks down food with gastric juices containing acid and enzymes, turning it into a semi-liquid called chyme.
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How does the small intestine aid in digestion?
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The small intestine absorbs nutrients from food. It uses enzymes and bile to break down food into absorbable molecules.
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What is the function of the liver in digestion?
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The liver produces bile, which helps digest fats and also detoxifies certain chemicals in the body.
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How does bile help in digestion?
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Bile aids in the digestion of fats by emulsifying them, making them easier to break down by enzymes.
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What role does the pancreas play in digestion?
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The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid in the small intestine.
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Describe the function of the large intestine in the digestive process.
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The large intestine absorbs water and salts from the remaining indigestible food matter and forms solid waste for excretion.
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What is the significance of the villi in the small intestine?
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Villi increase the surface area for absorption, allowing more nutrients to be absorbed by the small intestine.
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How are carbohydrates digested and absorbed?
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Carbohydrates are broken down into simple sugars by enzymes and absorbed in the small intestine.
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What role does the oral cavity play in digestion?
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The oral cavity begins mechanical digestion through chewing and enzymatic digestion of carbohydrates with saliva.
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What is the primary role of the esophagus in digestion?
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The esophagus transports food from the mouth to the stomach using a series of muscular contractions called peristalsis.
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How does the body protect itself from the acidic environment of the stomach?
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The stomach lining secretes mucus that protects its walls from acidic gastric juices and enzymes.
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Why is nutrient absorption crucial for the body?
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Nutrient absorption is essential to provide energy, support growth, repair tissues, and maintain overall health functions.
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