Urbanization Vocabulary

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What is the definition of 'urbanization'?
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Urbanization is the process by which rural areas transform into urban areas, often resulting in the growth of cities.
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What does 'infrastructure' refer to in the context of urbanization?
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Infrastructure refers to the basic physical systems and structures that a city needs to operate, such as roads, bridges, and public utilities.
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Define 'metropolis'.
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A metropolis is a large and densely populated urban area that serves as an important economic, cultural, and political center within a region.
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Explain the term 'suburbanization'.
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Suburbanization is the process of population movement from within cities to the rural-urban fringe, leading to the growth of residential areas outside traditional urban centers.
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What are 'megacities' and provide an example.
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Megacities are extremely large cities with a population of over 10 million. An example is Tokyo, Japan.
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What is meant by 'urban sprawl'?
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Urban sprawl refers to the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into surrounding regions, often characterized by low-density and car-dependent development.
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Define 'demographic transition'.
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Demographic transition is a model that describes the change in a population from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops.
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What does the term 'gentrification' imply?
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Gentrification is the process in which higher-income individuals move into a previously lower-income neighborhood, leading to increased property values and displacement of existing residents.
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Explain the concept of 'urban renewal'.
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Urban renewal is the process of redeveloping or revitalizing an area to improve its infrastructure, economy, and living conditions.
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What is a 'slum'?
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A slum is a densely populated urban area characterized by substandard housing, inadequate infrastructure, and lack of basic services.
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Define 'sustainability' in urban contexts.
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Sustainability in urban contexts refers to designing and managing cities in ways that balance economic growth, environmental health, and social equity for future generations.
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Describe the process of 'deurbanization'.
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Deurbanization is the process where people move from urban areas to rural areas, contrary to urbanization, often seen in regions facing economic decline.
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What is 'zoning' in city planning?
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Zoning refers to municipal or local government laws that dictate how land in specific areas can be used, such as residential, commercial, or industrial purposes.
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What does 'smart growth' entail in urban planning?
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Smart growth involves planning and managing urban expansion sustainably to minimize environmental impacts and reduce resource waste.
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Explain the term 'urban heat island'.
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Urban heat island is a phenomenon where urban areas experience higher temperatures than their surrounding rural areas due to human activities and dense infrastructure.
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