Tap or click on cards to flip them and reveal the answers. You can use arrow keys as well.
Loading folders...
1/15 cards
What are the basic stages of viral replication?
Click to flip
The basic stages are attachment, penetration, uncoating, replication, assembly, and release.
Click to flip
What is the role of the host cell in viral replication?
Click to flip
The host cell provides the machinery and environment for the virus to replicate its genome and synthesize viral proteins.
Click to flip
How do DNA and RNA viruses differ in their replication method?
Click to flip
DNA viruses typically use the host's DNA polymerase for replication, while RNA viruses often carry their own RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
Click to flip
What is reverse transcription, and which viruses use it?
Click to flip
Reverse transcription is the process of converting RNA into DNA, used by retroviruses like HIV.
Click to flip
Why do viruses need to uncoat during replication?
Click to flip
Uncoating releases the viral genome inside the host cell and is essential for subsequent replication steps.
Click to flip
How does the assembly of new viruses occur?
Click to flip
Viral components self-assemble into new virions in the host cell's cytoplasm or nucleus.
Click to flip
What is lysis in the context of viral replication?
Click to flip
Lysis is the breaking down of a host cell to release newly formed viruses.
Click to flip
What distinguishes lytic from lysogenic viral cycles?
Click to flip
The lytic cycle results in immediate cell lysis, while the lysogenic cycle involves viral DNA integrating into the host genome without immediate destruction.
Click to flip
Why are some viruses host-specific?
Click to flip
Host specificity is determined by the compatibility between viral surface proteins and host cell receptors.
Click to flip
How do antiviral drugs target stages of viral replication?
Click to flip
Antiviral drugs can inhibit viral entry, uncoating, replication enzymes, assembly, or release.
Click to flip
What is the significance of the eclipse phase in viral replication?
Click to flip
The eclipse phase is when viruses cannot be detected in the host as they are disassembled within the host cell, prior to new virion assembly.
Click to flip
How do bacteriophages replicate within bacterial hosts?
Click to flip
Bacteriophages inject their DNA into bacteria, use bacterial machinery for replication, and often cause bacterial lysis to release new virions.
Click to flip
What role does genetic variation play in viral replication?
Click to flip
High mutation rates in viral replication lead to genetic diversity, impacting immune evasion and drug resistance.
Click to flip
Why do RNA viruses generally have a higher mutation rate than DNA viruses?
Click to flip
RNA viruses have higher mutation rates due to their lack of proofreading mechanisms during replication.
Click to flip
How does viral packaging occur during replication?
Click to flip
During viral packaging, newly synthesized viral genomes and proteins are enclosed within a protein coat to form virions.
Click to flip
Need More Study Materials?
Go back to the chat to generate additional resources.