An acid is a substance that donates hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.
Give an example of a strong acid.
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
What is a base?
A base is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water.
Provide an example of a strong base.
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
What are the properties of acids?
Acids taste sour, turn blue litmus paper red, and have a pH less than 7.
Enumerate the properties of bases.
Bases taste bitter, turn red litmus paper blue, and have a pH greater than 7.
What is the pH scale?
The pH scale is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral, below 7 acidic, and above 7 alkaline.
What is a salt?
A salt is a compound formed when the hydrogen ions of an acid are replaced by metal ions or ammonium ions.
How is a salt formed?
A salt is formed through a chemical reaction called neutralization, which occurs when an acid and a base react to form water and a salt.
What are some common household acids?
Some common household acids include vinegar (acetic acid), lemon juice (citric acid), and battery acid (sulfuric acid).
Provide examples of common household bases.
Some common household bases include baking soda (sodium bicarbonate), antacids (calcium carbonate), and household ammonia (ammonium hydroxide).
What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?
A strong acid completely ionizes/dissociates in water, while a weak acid only partially ionizes/dissociates in water.
Differentiate between a strong base and a weak base.
A strong base fully ionizes/dissociates in water, whereas a weak base only partially ionizes/dissociates in water.
What is the role of acids and bases in digestion?
Acids (such as hydrochloric acid) help break down food in the stomach, while bases (such as bicarbonate ions) neutralize excess stomach acid in the intestines.
How do acids and bases impact plant growth?
Acids in the soil can negatively affect plant growth, while bases can provide essential nutrients to plants.
Explain the importance of pH in everyday life.
pH is important for various reasons, such as maintaining the balance in swimming pools, determining the effectiveness of cleaning products, and preserving food.
What is an acid?
An acid is a substance that donates hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.
Give an example of a strong acid.
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
What is a base?
A base is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water.
Provide an example of a strong base.
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
What are the properties of acids?
Acids taste sour, turn blue litmus paper red, and have a pH less than 7.
Enumerate the properties of bases.
Bases taste bitter, turn red litmus paper blue, and have a pH greater than 7.
What is the pH scale?
The pH scale is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral, below 7 acidic, and above 7 alkaline.
What is a salt?
A salt is a compound formed when the hydrogen ions of an acid are replaced by metal ions or ammonium ions.
How is a salt formed?
A salt is formed through a chemical reaction called neutralization, which occurs when an acid and a base react to form water and a salt.
What are some common household acids?
Some common household acids include vinegar (acetic acid), lemon juice (citric acid), and battery acid (sulfuric acid).
Provide examples of common household bases.
Some common household bases include baking soda (sodium bicarbonate), antacids (calcium carbonate), and household ammonia (ammonium hydroxide).
What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid?
A strong acid completely ionizes/dissociates in water, while a weak acid only partially ionizes/dissociates in water.
Differentiate between a strong base and a weak base.
A strong base fully ionizes/dissociates in water, whereas a weak base only partially ionizes/dissociates in water.
What is the role of acids and bases in digestion?
Acids (such as hydrochloric acid) help break down food in the stomach, while bases (such as bicarbonate ions) neutralize excess stomach acid in the intestines.
How do acids and bases impact plant growth?
Acids in the soil can negatively affect plant growth, while bases can provide essential nutrients to plants.
Explain the importance of pH in everyday life.
pH is important for various reasons, such as maintaining the balance in swimming pools, determining the effectiveness of cleaning products, and preserving food.