Flashcards on Bioinformatics and Computational Biology
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What is bioinformatics?
Bioinformatics is the field of science that combines biology, computer science, and statistics to analyze and interpret biological data.
What is computational biology?
Computational biology is the application of computational techniques to analyze and model biological systems and processes.
What are the major goals of bioinformatics?
The major goals of bioinformatics are to store, organize, and analyze biological data, as well as to develop algorithms and tools for understanding biological processes.
How does bioinformatics contribute to genetic research?
Bioinformatics helps in analyzing and interpreting genomic data, identifying genes and their functions, and studying genetic variations and mutations.
What is a genome?
A genome is the complete set of genetic material (DNA or RNA) in an organism.
What is sequence alignment?
Sequence alignment is the process of arranging and comparing DNA, RNA, or protein sequences to identify similarities and differences.
What is a phylogenetic tree?
A phylogenetic tree is a branching diagram that represents the evolutionary relationships between different species or organisms.
How are machine learning techniques used in computational biology?
Machine learning techniques are used to develop predictive models, classify genes, analyze gene expression data, and identify patterns in biological data.
What is protein structure prediction?
Protein structure prediction is the process of determining the three-dimensional structure of a protein based on its amino acid sequence.
What is gene expression analysis?
Gene expression analysis studies how genes are turned on or off, and how their activities are regulated in different cells or conditions.
What is comparative genomics?
Comparative genomics is the study of comparing genomes of different species to identify similarities, differences, and evolutionary changes.
How does bioinformatics contribute to drug discovery?
Bioinformatics helps in analyzing chemical compounds, designing drugs, and predicting their interactions with biological targets.
What is next-generation sequencing?
Next-generation sequencing is a high-throughput DNA sequencing technology that enables rapid sequencing of large numbers of DNA fragments simultaneously.
What is the Human Genome Project?
The Human Genome Project was an international scientific research project that aimed to sequence and map the entire human genome.
What are the applications of bioinformatics in agriculture?
Bioinformatics is used in agriculture for crop improvement, genetic engineering, disease resistance analysis, and plant breeding.