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Flashcards on Cell Cycle
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What is the cell cycle?
The cell cycle is the process by which a cell grows, duplicates its genetic material, and divides into two daughter cells.
What are the different parts of the cell cycle?
The cell cycle consists of interphase, mitosis (or meiosis), and cytokinesis.
What happens during interphase?
During interphase, the cell grows, carries out its normal functions, and replicates its DNA.
What happens during mitosis?
During mitosis, the cell's nucleus divides into two nuclei with identical sets of chromosomes.
What happens during cytokinesis?
During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm divides and two new daughter cells are formed.
What is the purpose of the cell cycle?
The purpose of the cell cycle is growth, repair, and reproduction of cells.
Which phase of the cell cycle completes the cell division?
Cytokinesis completes the cell division process.
What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?
Interphase is the longest phase of the cell cycle.
What are the major checkpoints in the cell cycle?
The major checkpoints in the cell cycle are the G1 checkpoint, G2 checkpoint, and M checkpoint.
In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
DNA replication occurs during the S phase of interphase.
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up at the center of the cell?
The metaphase phase of mitosis is when the chromosomes line up at the center of the cell.
What is the purpose of the G1 checkpoint in the cell cycle?
The G1 checkpoint ensures that the cell is ready to proceed with DNA replication and cell division.
What happens if a cell fails the G1 checkpoint?
If a cell fails the G1 checkpoint, it may enter a non-dividing state called G0 or undergo apoptosis (cell death).
What is the role of the M checkpoint in the cell cycle?
The M checkpoint ensures that all the chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle fibers before the cell proceeds to complete mitosis.
What happens if a cell fails the M checkpoint?
If a cell fails the M checkpoint, it may result in aneuploidy (abnormal number of chromosomes) in the daughter cells.
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Test Your Knowledge
Which phase of the cell cycle involves the replication of DNA?
Interphase
S phase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
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What is the purpose of mitosis?
To increase cell size
To produce two identical daughter cells
To repair damaged DNA
To eliminate unnecessary cell components
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Which phase of mitosis follows prophase?
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Prometaphase
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What is the purpose of cytokinesis?
To duplicate the DNA
To divide the cytoplasm and form two daughter cells
To ensure proper alignment of chromosomes
To repair damaged cell membrane
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Which event occurs during interphase?
Division of the nucleus
DNA replication
Formation of spindle fibers
Separation of sister chromatids
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What is the outcome of successful cell division?
Formation of four genetically different daughter cells
Formation of two genetically identical daughter cells
Growth and repair of tissues
Elimination of damaged cells
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Which checkpoint ensures the proper alignment of chromosomes before cell division?
G1 checkpoint
G2 checkpoint
S checkpoint
M checkpoint
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What happens if a cell fails the G2 checkpoint?
DNA damage is repaired or the cell undergoes apoptosis
The cell re-enters interphase
The cell proceeds to mitosis
The cell enters G0 phase
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Which phase of mitosis involves the separation of sister chromatids?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
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What is the consequence of a failure during the M checkpoint?
Cell enters G0 phase
Daughter cells may have an abnormal number of chromosomes
Cell undergoes apoptosis
Cell re-enters interphase
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