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Flashcards on Digestive System
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What is the function of the digestive system?
To break down food and absorb nutrients
Name the main organs of the digestive system.
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
What role does the mouth play in digestion?
Chewing and starting the digestion process
Where does digestion of carbohydrates primarily occur?
In the mouth and small intestine
What is the function of the stomach in digestion?
To break down food using acids and enzymes
Which organ absorbs most of the nutrients from digested food?
Small intestine
What is the role of the liver in digestion?
To produce bile, which helps in the digestion of fats
What is the purpose of the pancreas in digestion?
To produce enzymes that help break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
What happens to undigested waste in the large intestine?
Water is absorbed, and solid waste is formed and stored in the rectum
Which hormone stimulates the release of digestive enzymes and bile?
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
What is the term for the involuntary wave-like contractions that push food through the digestive system?
Peristalsis
Name the three salivary glands involved in the digestion process.
Parotid, sublingual, submandibular glands
What is the name of the ring of muscle that controls the passage of food from the esophagus to the stomach?
Lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
What is the final product of carbohydrate digestion?
Glucose
What is the process called by which nutrients are absorbed through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream?
Absorption
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Test Your Knowledge
What is the main function of the digestive system?
To break down food and absorb nutrients
To pump blood throughout the body
To produce hormones
To protect the body from pathogens
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Which organ absorbs most of the nutrients from digested food?
Liver
Small intestine
Stomach
Large intestine
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What is the purpose of the pancreas in digestion?
To produce bile
To store and release urine
To produce enzymes that help break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
To filter blood
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Where does digestion of carbohydrates primarily occur?
Stomach
Mouth and small intestine
Large intestine
Esophagus
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Which hormone stimulates the release of digestive enzymes and bile?
Insulin
Estrogen
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
Thyroxine
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What happens to undigested waste in the large intestine?
It is absorbed into the bloodstream
Water is absorbed, and solid waste is formed and stored in the rectum
It is broken down into nutrients
It is stored in the small intestine
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What is the name of the ring of muscle that controls the passage of food from the esophagus to the stomach?
Trachea
Epiglottis
Lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
Pyloric sphincter
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What is the term for the involuntary wave-like contractions that push food through the digestive system?
Atrioventricular rhythm
Peristalsis
Hepatic circulation
Gastric secretion
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What is the final product of carbohydrate digestion?
Glucose
Amino acids
Fatty acids
Glycerol
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What is the process called by which nutrients are absorbed through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream?
Digestion
Absorption
Filtration
Respiration
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