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Flashcards on Genetics
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What is genetics?
The study of genes and heredity.
What are genes?
Genes are segments of DNA that determine specific traits.
What is heredity?
The passing on of traits from parents to offspring.
What is DNA?
DNA is the genetic material that carries instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms.
What is a genotype?
The genetic makeup of an organism.
What is a phenotype?
The observable characteristics or traits of an organism.
What is a dominant gene?
A gene that is expressed and masks the effect of another gene.
What is a recessive gene?
A gene that is expressed only when two copies are present.
What is a Punnett square?
A diagram used to predict the possible outcomes of a genetic cross.
What is genetic variation?
Differences in DNA sequences among individuals within a population.
What is a mutation?
A change in the DNA sequence of a gene.
What is genetic engineering?
The manipulation of an organism's DNA to achieve desired traits.
What is cloning?
The process of creating an identical copy of an organism.
What is genetic counseling?
The process of providing information and support to individuals or families affected by or at risk of genetic disorders.
What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?
An organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.
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Test Your Knowledge
Which of the following is the study of genes and heredity?
Genetics
Ecology
Psychology
Geology
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What are genes composed of?
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates
DNA
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What determines the specific traits of an organism?
Environment
Genes
Luck
Diet
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What is the passing on of traits from parents to offspring called?
Heredity
Migration
Adaptation
Evolution
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Which genetic material carries instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms?
RNA
DNA
Protein
Lipid
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What is the genetic makeup of an organism called?
Genotype
Phenotype
Allele
Chromosome
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Which type of gene is expressed and masks the effect of another gene?
Dominant gene
Recessive gene
Mutated gene
Genealogy gene
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What is a diagram used to predict the possible outcomes of a genetic cross called?
Pedigree chart
Bar graph
Punnett square
Line graph
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What are differences in DNA sequences among individuals within a population called?
Genetic variation
Genetic mutation
Genetic recombination
Genetic selection
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Which process involves the manipulation of an organism's DNA to achieve desired traits?
Genetic engineering
Natural selection
Mutation
Fertilization
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