Flashcards on Genetics and Heredity

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What is genetics?

Genetics is the study of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms.

What are genes?

Genes are segments of DNA that contain instructions for building and maintaining an organism.

What is heredity?

Heredity is the passing on of traits from parents to offspring through genetic information.

How are traits inherited?

Traits are inherited through the genetic material passed from parents to offspring.

What is a dominant trait?

A dominant trait is a genetic characteristic that is expressed in an organism's phenotype, even if only one copy is present in the genotype.

What is a recessive trait?

A recessive trait is a genetic characteristic that is only expressed in an organism's phenotype if two copies are present in the genotype.

What is genetic variation?

Genetic variation refers to the diversity of genetic material within a population.

What is a genotype?

A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, which determines its traits.

What is a phenotype?

A phenotype is the observable physical and physiological traits of an organism, determined by its genotype.

What is DNA?

DNA is a molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of all living organisms.

What is RNA?

RNA is a molecule involved in various biological processes, including protein synthesis and gene expression.

What is a mutation?

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of a gene, which can lead to genetic variation and possibly genetic disorders.

What is genetic engineering?

Genetic engineering is the manipulation of an organism's genes to introduce desirable traits or remove unwanted traits.

What is a Punnett square?

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring in a genetic cross.

What is selective breeding?

Selective breeding is the process of selectively choosing and breeding organisms with desired traits to produce offspring with similar traits.

What is genetic counseling?

Genetic counseling is a service that provides information and support to individuals and families affected by or at risk of genetic disorders.

What is genetics?

Genetics is the study of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms.

What are genes?

Genes are segments of DNA that contain instructions for building and maintaining an organism.

What is heredity?

Heredity is the passing on of traits from parents to offspring through genetic information.

How are traits inherited?

Traits are inherited through the genetic material passed from parents to offspring.

What is a dominant trait?

A dominant trait is a genetic characteristic that is expressed in an organism's phenotype, even if only one copy is present in the genotype.

What is a recessive trait?

A recessive trait is a genetic characteristic that is only expressed in an organism's phenotype if two copies are present in the genotype.

What is genetic variation?

Genetic variation refers to the diversity of genetic material within a population.

What is a genotype?

A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, which determines its traits.

What is a phenotype?

A phenotype is the observable physical and physiological traits of an organism, determined by its genotype.

What is DNA?

DNA is a molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of all living organisms.

What is RNA?

RNA is a molecule involved in various biological processes, including protein synthesis and gene expression.

What is a mutation?

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of a gene, which can lead to genetic variation and possibly genetic disorders.

What is genetic engineering?

Genetic engineering is the manipulation of an organism's genes to introduce desirable traits or remove unwanted traits.

What is a Punnett square?

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring in a genetic cross.

What is selective breeding?

Selective breeding is the process of selectively choosing and breeding organisms with desired traits to produce offspring with similar traits.

What is genetic counseling?

Genetic counseling is a service that provides information and support to individuals and families affected by or at risk of genetic disorders.

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