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Flashcards on Genetics: Punnett Squares and Heredity
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What is a Punnett square?
A diagram used to predict the outcomes of a genetic cross.
What is heredity?
The passing of traits from parents to offspring.
What are alleles?
Alternative forms of a gene that determine traits.
What is a genotype?
The genetic makeup of an organism.
What is a phenotype?
The physical traits or characteristics of an organism.
What is a dominant allele?
An allele that is always expressed when present.
What is a recessive allele?
An allele that is only expressed when there is no dominant allele present.
What is a homozygous genotype?
A genotype in which both alleles are the same.
What is a heterozygous genotype?
A genotype in which the alleles are different.
What is a monohybrid cross?
A genetic cross between individuals that involves the inheritance of a single trait.
What is a dihybrid cross?
A genetic cross between individuals that involves the inheritance of two different traits.
What is the Law of Segregation?
The two alleles for each gene segregate during the formation of gametes.
What is the Law of Independent Assortment?
The alleles of different genes segregate independently of one another during gamete formation.
What is incomplete dominance?
A form of inheritance where the heterozygous genotype results in a phenotype that is intermediate between the homozygous genotypes.
What is codominance?
A form of inheritance where both alleles in the heterozygous genotype are fully expressed.
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Test Your Knowledge
What is the purpose of a Punnett square?
To predict the outcomes of a genetic cross.
To analyze DNA sequence.
To measure gene expression.
To determine chromosome structure.
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What is the definition of heredity?
The passing of traits from parents to offspring.
The study of genes and their functions.
The manipulation of genetic material.
The analysis of pedigrees.
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Which term refers to alternative forms of a gene that determine traits?
Alleles
Genotypes
Phenotypes
Chromosomes
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What is the genetic makeup of an organism called?
Genotype
Phenotype
Trait
Gene
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Which term refers to the physical traits or characteristics of an organism?
Phenotype
Genotype
Allele
Trait
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What is an allele that is always expressed when present?
Dominant allele
Recessive allele
Homozygous allele
Heterozygous allele
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What is an allele that is only expressed when there is no dominant allele present?
Recessive allele
Dominant allele
Homozygous allele
Heterozygous allele
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Which term describes a genotype in which both alleles are the same?
Homozygous genotype
Heterozygous genotype
Monohybrid genotype
Dihybrid genotype
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Which term describes a genotype in which the alleles are different?
Heterozygous genotype
Homozygous genotype
Monohybrid genotype
Dihybrid genotype
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What is a genetic cross that involves the inheritance of a single trait called?
Monohybrid cross
Dihybrid cross
Punnett square
Pedigree analysis
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