A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for building a specific protein.
What is DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms.
What are chromosomes?
Thread-like structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes.
What is a genotype?
The genetic makeup of an organism.
What is a phenotype?
The physical characteristics or traits of an organism.
What is a dominant trait?
A trait that is expressed when an individual has one or two copies of the associated gene.
What is a recessive trait?
A trait that is only expressed when an individual has two copies of the associated gene.
What is a mutation?
A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to genetic variation.
What is genetic inheritance?
The passing of genetic information from parents to offspring.
What is genetic variation?
The diversity of different genotypes present in a population.
What is a Punnett square?
A tool used to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring in a genetic cross.
What is genetic counseling?
A process that helps individuals and families understand and adapt to the medical, psychological, and familial implications of genetic contributions to disease.
What is a genetic disorder?
A condition caused by a mutation or abnormality in an individual's DNA.
What is gene therapy?
A technique used to treat or prevent genetic disorders by introducing or modifying genes within an individual's cells.
What is genetic engineering?
The manipulation of an organism's genetic material to achieve desirable traits or outcomes.