Flashcards on Lógica

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What is Lógica?

Lógica is the study of reasoning and argumentation. It deals with how to identify, analyze, and evaluate arguments to determine whether they are valid or invalid.

What is propositional logic?

Propositional logic is a branch of logic that deals with the logical relationships between propositions, or statements. It is concerned with the truth or falsity of propositions and how they are combined to form larger statements.

What is predicate logic?

Predicate logic is a branch of logic that deals with the logical relationships between predicates, or properties, and objects. It is concerned with the truth or falsity of propositions that contain variables, which can be assigned to different objects.

What is modal logic?

Modal logic is a branch of logic that deals with the logical relationships between modalities, or modes of truth, such as possibility, necessity, and contingency. It is concerned with how modal statements are evaluated and how they interact with other statements.

What is symbolic logic?

Symbolic logic is a branch of logic that uses symbols, rather than words, to represent logical forms and relationships. It is concerned with how to form and manipulate logical expressions and how to determine their truth or falsity.

What is deductive reasoning?

Deductive reasoning is a type of reasoning that starts from a set of premises and draws a conclusion that necessarily follows from them. It is concerned with the validity of arguments and the soundness of their conclusions.

What is inductive reasoning?

Inductive reasoning is a type of reasoning that starts from a set of observations and draws a conclusion that is probable, but not certain, based on them. It is concerned with the strength of evidence and the plausibility of hypotheses.

What is abductive reasoning?

Abductive reasoning is a type of reasoning that starts from a set of observations and draws a conclusion that is the best explanation for them, even if it is not the only or most probable one. It is concerned with the adequacy and coherence of explanations.

What is a fallacy?

A fallacy is an error in reasoning that occurs when an argument is invalid or unsound, either because its premises are false or because its conclusion does not follow from them. It is concerned with the validity and soundness of arguments.

What is a syllogism?

A syllogism is a type of deductive argument that consists of two premises and a conclusion that necessarily follows from them. It is concerned with the form and structure of arguments and the validity of their conclusions.

What is a truth table?

A truth table is a table that shows all the possible truth values of a logical expression, or proposition, and how they are related to each other. It is used to evaluate the validity and soundness of arguments and to test the consistency and completeness of logical systems.

What is a logical fallacy?

A logical fallacy is an error in reasoning that occurs when an argument is invalid or unsound, either because its premises are false or because its conclusion does not follow from them. It is concerned with the validity and soundness of arguments.

What is a paradox?

A paradox is a statement that seems to contradict itself or defy common sense, but which can be shown to have a coherent meaning or resolution. It is concerned with the ambiguity and complexity of language and thought.

What is a tautology?

A tautology is a logical expression, or proposition, that is always true, regardless of its truth values. It is concerned with the redundancy and circularity of statements and the need for precision and clarity in reasoning.

What is a paradox of analysis?

A paradox of analysis is a type of paradox that arises when a seemingly simple or basic concept or proposition is analyzed or broken down into parts, revealing unexpected or paradoxical consequences. It is concerned with the limitations and challenges of analysis and the need for holistic and systemic thinking.

What is Lógica?

Lógica is the study of reasoning and argumentation. It deals with how to identify, analyze, and evaluate arguments to determine whether they are valid or invalid.

What is propositional logic?

Propositional logic is a branch of logic that deals with the logical relationships between propositions, or statements. It is concerned with the truth or falsity of propositions and how they are combined to form larger statements.

What is predicate logic?

Predicate logic is a branch of logic that deals with the logical relationships between predicates, or properties, and objects. It is concerned with the truth or falsity of propositions that contain variables, which can be assigned to different objects.

What is modal logic?

Modal logic is a branch of logic that deals with the logical relationships between modalities, or modes of truth, such as possibility, necessity, and contingency. It is concerned with how modal statements are evaluated and how they interact with other statements.

What is symbolic logic?

Symbolic logic is a branch of logic that uses symbols, rather than words, to represent logical forms and relationships. It is concerned with how to form and manipulate logical expressions and how to determine their truth or falsity.

What is deductive reasoning?

Deductive reasoning is a type of reasoning that starts from a set of premises and draws a conclusion that necessarily follows from them. It is concerned with the validity of arguments and the soundness of their conclusions.

What is inductive reasoning?

Inductive reasoning is a type of reasoning that starts from a set of observations and draws a conclusion that is probable, but not certain, based on them. It is concerned with the strength of evidence and the plausibility of hypotheses.

What is abductive reasoning?

Abductive reasoning is a type of reasoning that starts from a set of observations and draws a conclusion that is the best explanation for them, even if it is not the only or most probable one. It is concerned with the adequacy and coherence of explanations.

What is a fallacy?

A fallacy is an error in reasoning that occurs when an argument is invalid or unsound, either because its premises are false or because its conclusion does not follow from them. It is concerned with the validity and soundness of arguments.

What is a syllogism?

A syllogism is a type of deductive argument that consists of two premises and a conclusion that necessarily follows from them. It is concerned with the form and structure of arguments and the validity of their conclusions.

What is a truth table?

A truth table is a table that shows all the possible truth values of a logical expression, or proposition, and how they are related to each other. It is used to evaluate the validity and soundness of arguments and to test the consistency and completeness of logical systems.

What is a logical fallacy?

A logical fallacy is an error in reasoning that occurs when an argument is invalid or unsound, either because its premises are false or because its conclusion does not follow from them. It is concerned with the validity and soundness of arguments.

What is a paradox?

A paradox is a statement that seems to contradict itself or defy common sense, but which can be shown to have a coherent meaning or resolution. It is concerned with the ambiguity and complexity of language and thought.

What is a tautology?

A tautology is a logical expression, or proposition, that is always true, regardless of its truth values. It is concerned with the redundancy and circularity of statements and the need for precision and clarity in reasoning.

What is a paradox of analysis?

A paradox of analysis is a type of paradox that arises when a seemingly simple or basic concept or proposition is analyzed or broken down into parts, revealing unexpected or paradoxical consequences. It is concerned with the limitations and challenges of analysis and the need for holistic and systemic thinking.

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