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Flashcards on Mendelian Genetics
Click on the flashcard to see the answer
Who is considered the father of genetics?
Gregor Mendel
What organism did Gregor Mendel primarily study?
Pea plants
What are the three laws of Mendelian genetics?
Law of segregation, law of independent assortment, law of dominance
What does the law of segregation state?
During gamete formation, the alleles for each gene segregate from each other
What does the law of independent assortment state?
The alleles of different genes segregate independently of one another during gamete formation
What does the law of dominance state?
In a heterozygote, one allele may conceal the presence of another
What is a phenotype?
The observable traits or characteristics of an organism
What is a genotype?
The genetic makeup or combination of alleles of an organism
What are alleles?
Different versions of a gene
What is the Punnett square used for?
To predict the possible outcomes of a genetic cross
What is a homozygous genotype?
When an organism has two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., AA or bb)
What is a heterozygous genotype?
When an organism has two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Aa or Bb)
What is the ratio of phenotypes in a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals?
3:1
What is the ratio of genotypes in a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals?
1:2:1
What is a testcross used for?
To determine the genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype
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Test Your Knowledge
Which scientist is known as the father of genetics?
Albert Einstein
Isaac Newton
Gregor Mendel
Charles Darwin
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Which organism did Gregor Mendel use for his genetic experiments?
Fruit flies
Bacteria
Pea plants
Mice
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What is the law of segregation?
Different genes segregate independently during gamete formation
During gamete formation, the alleles for each gene segregate from each other
In a heterozygote, one allele may conceal the presence of another
The observable traits or characteristics of an organism
Check Answers
What is a phenotype?
Different versions of a gene
The observable traits or characteristics of an organism
The genetic makeup of an organism
The ratio of phenotypes in a genetic cross
Check Answers
What is a homozygous genotype?
When an organism has two identical alleles for a particular gene
When an organism has two different alleles for a particular gene
When an organism has three alleles for a particular gene
When an organism has no alleles for a particular gene
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What is the Punnett square used for?
To determine the genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype
To predict the possible outcomes of a genetic cross
To calculate the probability of a trait in offspring
To visualize the inheritance patterns of genes
Check Answers
What is the ratio of phenotypes in a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals?
1:1
2:1
3:1
4:1
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What is a testcross used for?
To determine the genotype of an individual with a recessive phenotype
To determine the genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype
To predict the possible outcomes of a genetic cross
To calculate the probability of a trait in offspring
Check Answers
What is the law of dominance?
In a heterozygote, one allele may conceal the presence of another
During gamete formation, the alleles for each gene segregate from each other
The alleles of different genes segregate independently of one another during gamete formation
The observable traits or characteristics of an organism
Check Answers
What is a testcross used for?
To determine the genotype of an individual with a recessive phenotype
To determine the genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype
To predict the possible outcomes of a genetic cross
To calculate the probability of a trait in offspring
Check Answers
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