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Flashcards on Nervous System and Neurons
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What is the main function of the nervous system?
To transmit signals between different parts of the body.
What are neurons?
Specialized cells that transmit electrical signals in the nervous system.
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.
What is the function of the central nervous system?
To process information and coordinate actions.
What is the function of the peripheral nervous system?
To transmit signals between the central nervous system and the rest of the body.
What are the three types of neurons?
Sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons.
What is the function of sensory neurons?
To transmit information from sensory organs to the central nervous system.
What is the function of motor neurons?
To transmit commands from the central nervous system to muscles and glands.
What is the function of interneurons?
To transmit signals between other neurons.
Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
Dendrites
Which part of the neuron transmits signals to other neurons?
Axon
What is the protective covering that surrounds axons?
Myelin sheath
What is the small gap between two neurons called?
Synapse
What is the function of neurotransmitters?
To transmit signals across the synapse.
What is the largest part of the brain?
Cerebrum
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Test Your Knowledge
Which part of the nervous system processes information and coordinates actions?
Peripheral nervous system
Central nervous system
Sensory neurons
Motor neurons
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What are the three types of neurons?
Sensors, connectors, and effectors
Sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons
Synapses, dendrites, and axons
Cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem
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Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
Dendrites
Axon
Cell body
Synapse
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What is the function of the myelin sheath?
To transmit signals between other neurons
To protect the neuron from damage
To regulate body temperature
To insulate and speed up the transmission of signals through the axon
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What is the small gap between two neurons called?
Axon
Cell body
Synapse
Dendrite
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Which part of the brain is responsible for higher-level cognitive functions?
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
Brainstem
Hippocampus
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What is the function of motor neurons?
To transmit information from sensory organs to the central nervous system
To transmit commands from the central nervous system to muscles and glands
To transmit signals between other neurons
To process information and coordinate actions
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What is the function of neurotransmitters?
To transmit signals across the synapse
To receive signals from other neurons
To transmit signals between dendrites and axons
To insulate and protect the neuron
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Which type of neuron transmits information from sensory organs to the central nervous system?
Sensory neurons
Motor neurons
Interneurons
Dopamine neurons
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What is the function of interneurons?
To transmit signals between other neurons
To transmit commands from the central nervous system to muscles and glands
To transmit information from sensory organs to the central nervous system
To regulate body temperature
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