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Flashcards on Neurobiology and Behavior
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What is neurobiology?
The study of the nervous system and its function.
What is behavior?
Action or reaction of organisms to external or internal stimuli.
What are neurons?
Nerve cells responsible for transmitting information in the nervous system.
What is the central nervous system composed of?
The brain and spinal cord.
What is the peripheral nervous system?
The network of nerves that extend outside the central nervous system.
What is the role of neurotransmitters?
Chemicals that allow neurons to communicate with each other.
What is the main function of the brain?
To control and coordinate the functions of the body.
What is the relationship between genetics and behavior?
Genes can influence behavior and certain behaviors can be inherited.
What is the fight-or-flight response?
An instinctive physiological response to a perceived harmful event, attack, or threat to survival.
What is the role of hormones in behavior?
Hormones can affect mood, emotions, and behavior.
What is synaptic plasticity?
The ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken over time based on their activity.
What is the reward pathway in the brain?
A system involved in pleasure, motivation, and reinforcement learning.
What are the different types of learning in behavior?
Associative learning, observational learning, and operant conditioning.
What is the role of the amygdala?
An almond-shaped structure in the brain that plays a key role in emotional processing and the formation of emotional memories.
What is the function of the prefrontal cortex?
It is involved in decision-making, problem-solving, and social behavior.
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Test Your Knowledge
Which of the following best defines neurobiology?
The study of behavior and the brain.
The study of the nervous system and its function.
The study of genetics and behavior.
The study of hormones and behavior.
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What is the role of neurotransmitters in the nervous system?
Allow neurons to communicate with each other.
Regulate hormones in the body.
Control voluntary movements.
Maintain body temperature.
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What is the main function of the central nervous system?
To control and coordinate the functions of the body.
To process and interpret sensory information.
To initiate the fight-or-flight response.
To regulate hormone production.
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What is the fight-or-flight response?
A type of behavior observed in animals.
An instinctive physiological response to a perceived harmful event, attack, or threat to survival.
A type of learning associated with rewards and punishments.
An adaptive response to changes in the environment.
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What is the role of hormones in behavior?
To transmit information between neurons.
To affect mood, emotions, and behavior.
To strengthen or weaken synapses.
To regulate body temperature.
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Which brain structure is involved in emotional processing and the formation of emotional memories?
Frontal lobe
Occipital lobe
Amygdala
Cerebellum
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What is synaptic plasticity?
The ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken over time based on their activity.
The transmission of signals between neurons.
The process of forming new neurons.
The control of voluntary movements.
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What is the reward pathway in the brain associated with?
Decision-making
Problem-solving
Motor control
Pleasure, motivation, and reinforcement learning
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Which type of learning involves the association of two stimuli?
Associative learning
Observational learning
Operant conditioning
Habituation
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What is the function of the prefrontal cortex?
Emotional processing
Decision-making
Motor control
Decision-making, problem-solving, and social behavior
Check Answers
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