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Flashcards on Nuclear Decay and Radioactivity
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What is nuclear decay?
The process where an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation
What are the types of nuclear decay?
Alpha decay, beta decay, and gamma decay
What is alpha decay?
The emission of an alpha particle from an unstable nucleus
What is beta decay?
The emission of a beta particle from an unstable nucleus
What is gamma decay?
The emission of gamma radiation from an unstable nucleus
What is radioactivity?
The property of certain elements to spontaneously emit radiation
What is a half-life?
The time it takes for half of the radioactive material to decay
What is a Geiger-Muller counter?
A device used to detect and measure radioactivity
What are the dangers of nuclear radiation?
Damage to living tissue, risk of cancer, genetic mutations
What is nuclear fission?
The splitting of an atomic nucleus into two smaller nuclei
What is nuclear fusion?
The combining of two atomic nuclei to form a larger nucleus
What is a radioactive isotope?
An unstable atom with an excess number of neutrons
What is ionizing radiation?
Radiation with enough energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms
What is a scintillation detector?
A device used to detect and measure radioactive particles
What is a radioactive decay series?
A sequence of nuclear reactions that starts with an unstable parent isotope and ends with a stable daughter isotope
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Test Your Knowledge
Which type of nuclear decay involves the emission of an alpha particle?
Beta decay
Alpha decay
Gamma decay
Neutron decay
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What is the purpose of a Geiger-Muller counter?
To measure temperature
To detect radioactivity
To measure pressure
To detect magnetic fields
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What is the main risk associated with exposure to nuclear radiation?
Dehydration
Hemorrhage
Damage to living tissue
Vision loss
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Which of the following is an example of ionizing radiation?
X-rays
Visible light
Sound waves
Infrared radiation
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What is the process of splitting an atomic nucleus called?
Nuclear fusion
Nuclear fission
Radioactive decay
Nuclear synthesis
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What is the property of certain elements to spontaneously emit radiation called?
Radioactive synthesis
Atomic splitting
Radioactivity
Nuclear transformation
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Which type of nuclear decay involves the emission of a beta particle?
Beta decay
Alpha decay
Gamma decay
Neutron decay
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What is the term for the time it takes for half of the radioactive material to decay?
Full-life
Half-life
Quarter-life
Decade-life
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Which type of nuclear decay involves the emission of gamma radiation?
Beta decay
Alpha decay
Gamma decay
Neutron decay
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What is a common device used to detect and measure radioactive particles?
Scintillation detector
Thermocouple
Voltmeter
Microscope
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