Flashcards on Organisms and Populations

Click on the flashcard to see the answer


What is an organism?

A living individual consisting of one or more cells.

What is a population?

A group of organisms of the same species living in the same area.

What are the levels of organization in ecology from smallest to largest?

Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere.

What is the difference between a biotic and an abiotic factor?

Biotic factors are living components of an ecosystem, while abiotic factors are non-living components.

What is a niche?

The role or function of an organism in an ecosystem.

What is a habitat?

The physical environment where an organism lives.

Define population density.

The number of individuals of a species per unit area or volume.

What factors can affect population size?

Birth rate, death rate, immigration, and emigration.

What is exponential growth?

Population growth that occurs when resources are unlimited.

What is carrying capacity?

The maximum number of individuals of a species that an ecosystem can support.

What is a limiting factor?

Any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence, numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms.

What is natural selection?

The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

What is a keystone species?

A species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance.

What is a food chain?

A linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another.

What is a food web?

A complex network of interconnected food chains.

What is the difference between a producer and a consumer?

Producers (autotrophs) make their own food, while consumers (heterotrophs) obtain energy by eating other organisms.

What is an organism?

A living individual consisting of one or more cells.

What is a population?

A group of organisms of the same species living in the same area.

What are the levels of organization in ecology from smallest to largest?

Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere.

What is the difference between a biotic and an abiotic factor?

Biotic factors are living components of an ecosystem, while abiotic factors are non-living components.

What is a niche?

The role or function of an organism in an ecosystem.

What is a habitat?

The physical environment where an organism lives.

Define population density.

The number of individuals of a species per unit area or volume.

What factors can affect population size?

Birth rate, death rate, immigration, and emigration.

What is exponential growth?

Population growth that occurs when resources are unlimited.

What is carrying capacity?

The maximum number of individuals of a species that an ecosystem can support.

What is a limiting factor?

Any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence, numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms.

What is natural selection?

The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

What is a keystone species?

A species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance.

What is a food chain?

A linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another.

What is a food web?

A complex network of interconnected food chains.

What is the difference between a producer and a consumer?

Producers (autotrophs) make their own food, while consumers (heterotrophs) obtain energy by eating other organisms.

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