Flashcards on Population Genetics

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What is population genetics?

Population genetics is the study of how genetic variation changes in populations over time.

What factors can influence genetic variation in a population?

Factors such as mutation, migration, genetic drift, and natural selection can influence genetic variation in a population.

What is genetic drift?

Genetic drift is the random change in allele frequencies in a population due to chance events.

What is natural selection?

Natural selection is the process where certain traits become more or less common in a population over generations based on their influence on survival and reproduction.

What is genetic variation?

Genetic variation refers to the differences in DNA sequences and gene frequencies among individuals within a population.

What is gene flow?

Gene flow is the movement of genes from one population to another through the migration of individuals.

What is gene pool?

Gene pool is the total collection of different alleles in a population.

What is the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a principle stating that in an infinite population, with no migration, mutation, natural selection, or genetic drift, the frequencies of alleles and genotypes in a population will remain constant from generation to generation.

What are the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equations?

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1 and p + q = 1

What is genetic bottleneck?

Genetic bottleneck is a sudden reduction in population size, leading to a loss of genetic diversity.

What is genetic equilibrium?

Genetic equilibrium is a state in which the allele frequencies in a population remain constant from generation to generation.

What is the founder effect?

The founder effect is the reduced genetic diversity that results when a new population is established by a small number of individuals from a larger population.

What is genetic adaptation?

Genetic adaptation refers to the process by which populations acquire genetic changes that improve their ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment.

What is gene frequency?

Gene frequency is the proportion of a particular allele in a population's gene pool.

What is selective pressure?

Selective pressure refers to the influence of environmental factors on the differential survival and reproduction of individuals with different traits.

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Test Your Knowledge


Which of the following factors can influence genetic variation in a population?



What is the random change in allele frequencies in a population due to chance events called?



Which term refers to the differences in DNA sequences and gene frequencies among individuals within a population?



What is the movement of genes from one population to another through the migration of individuals called?



Which principle states that in an infinite population, with no migration, mutation, natural selection, or genetic drift, the frequencies of alleles and genotypes in a population will remain constant?



What is a sudden reduction in population size, leading to a loss of genetic diversity called?



Which term refers to a state in which the allele frequencies in a population remain constant from generation to generation?



What is the reduced genetic diversity that results when a new population is established by a small number of individuals from a larger population called?



Which term refers to the process by which populations acquire genetic changes that improve their ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment?



What is the proportion of a particular allele in a population's gene pool called?




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