Population genetics is the study of how genetic variation changes in populations over time.
What factors contribute to genetic variation within a population?
Factors contributing to genetic variation within a population include mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection.
What is genetic drift?
Genetic drift is the random change in allele frequencies in a population due to chance events.
What is gene flow?
Gene flow is the movement of genes from one population to another through migration of individuals.
What is natural selection?
Natural selection is the process by which favorable traits are more likely to be passed on to future generations, leading to evolutionary changes in populations.
What is genetic variation?
Genetic variation refers to the differences in DNA sequences among individuals in a population.
What is a gene pool?
A gene pool is the total collection of genes and alleles present in a population.
What is the Hardy-Weinberg principle?
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that the frequencies of alleles and genotypes in a population remain constant from generation to generation if certain conditions are met.
What are the factors that can disrupt the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
The factors that can disrupt the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, non-random mating, and natural selection.
What is genetic equilibrium?
Genetic equilibrium is the state in which the frequencies of alleles and genotypes in a population remain constant over time.
What is the founder effect?
The founder effect is a type of genetic drift where a small group of individuals establishes a new population, possibly leading to reduced genetic diversity.
What is a bottleneck effect?
The bottleneck effect is a type of genetic drift where a large population is drastically reduced in size, leading to a loss of genetic diversity.
What is speciation?
Speciation is the evolutionary process by which new biological species arise.
What is reproductive isolation?
Reproductive isolation is the barrier that prevents individuals from two different populations from interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
What are the types of reproductive isolation mechanisms?
The types of reproductive isolation mechanisms are geographical, ecological, temporal, behavioral, mechanical, and gametic isolation.