The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting physical and mental health in the community.
What is epidemiology?
The study of how diseases occur, spread, and are controlled within populations.
What are the three core functions of public health?
Assessment, policy development, and assurance.
What is an outbreak?
The occurrence of cases of a particular disease in a population larger than what is expected.
What is a risk factor?
Any attribute, characteristic, or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury.
What is the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic?
An epidemic is the rapid spread of a disease within a specific community, while a pandemic is the global spread of a disease.
What is the purpose of disease surveillance?
To monitor and track the occurrence of diseases in order to inform public health interventions.
What are the primary methods of disease transmission?
Direct contact, indirect contact, airborne transmission, and vector-borne transmission.
What is herd immunity?
The resistance to the spread of a contagious disease within a population that results if a sufficiently high proportion of individuals are immune to the disease, through vaccination or prior illness.
What is a case-control study?
A study that compares individuals with a disease (cases) to individuals without the disease (controls) to determine potential causes or risk factors.
What is health promotion?
The process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health.
What is a cohort study?
A study that follows a group of individuals over a period of time to investigate associations between exposures and outcomes.
What is the importance of social determinants of health?
Social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age that can impact their health and well-being.
What is the significance of the reproduction number (R0) in epidemiology?
The reproduction number represents the average number of new infections generated by a single infectious individual in a susceptible population.
What is a pandemic plan?
A plan that outlines the response and coordination strategies for controlling and mitigating the impact of a pandemic outbreak.