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Flashcards on Bioinformatics and Computational Biology
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What is bioinformatics?
Bioinformatics is the field that combines biology, computer science, and statistics to analyze and interpret biological data.
What is computational biology?
Computational biology uses computer algorithms to model and analyze biological systems and processes.
How does bioinformatics contribute to genetics research?
Bioinformatics is used to analyze genetic sequences and identify genes, mutations, and genetic variations.
What are some applications of bioinformatics in drug discovery?
Bioinformatics helps in identifying drug targets, predicting drug interactions, and designing new potential drugs.
What is a genome?
A genome is an organism's complete set of DNA, including all its genes.
What are databases commonly used in bioinformatics?
Some common databases used in bioinformatics include GenBank, UniProt, and the Protein Data Bank (PDB).
What is sequence alignment?
Sequence alignment is the process of arranging DNA, RNA, or protein sequences to identify similarities and differences.
What is homology?
Homology refers to the similarity between organisms or sequences due to shared ancestry.
How are phylogenetic trees constructed?
Phylogenetic trees are constructed using computational methods based on genetic sequence data to visualize evolutionary relationships.
What is gene expression analysis?
Gene expression analysis studies how genes are activated or deactivated in response to different conditions or stimuli.
What is a protein structure prediction?
Protein structure prediction uses computational methods to determine the three-dimensional structure of a protein based on its amino acid sequence.
What is a gene ontology?
Gene ontology is a standardized system for annotating and categorizing gene functions and relationships.
How does bioinformatics contribute to personalized medicine?
Bioinformatics helps analyze individual genomic data to tailor medical treatments and interventions to specific patients.
What are some challenges in bioinformatics and computational biology?
Challenges include handling large-scale data, developing accurate algorithms, and integrating diverse biological datasets.
What is metagenomics?
Metagenomics is the study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples, such as soil or water.
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Test Your Knowledge
What is the main goal of bioinformatics?
Analyzing and interpreting biological data
Creating new biological organisms
Developing computer hardware
Studying physical aspects of organisms
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Which field combines biology and computer science?
Chemistry
Bioinformatics
Physics
Psychology
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What does computational biology use to model and analyze biological systems?
Chemical reactions
Computer algorithms
Electrical circuits
Physical experiments
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Which database is commonly used in bioinformatics to store genetic sequence data?
GenBank
Spotify
Amazon
Netflix
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What is the process of arranging DNA, RNA, or protein sequences to identify similarities and differences called?
Gene therapy
Sequence alignment
Cell division
Photosynthesis
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What does homology refer to?
Similarity between organisms or sequences due to shared ancestry
Similarity between organisms or sequences due to coincidence
Difference in genetic material
Difference in physical appearance
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How are phylogenetic trees constructed?
Using computational methods based on genetic sequence data
Using physical measurements of organisms
Using mathematical equations
Using genetic engineering techniques
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What does gene expression analysis study?
Inheritance patterns
Activation or deactivation of genes
Physical traits of organisms
Ecological relationships
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What is the goal of protein structure prediction?
Determining genetic mutations
Determining the three-dimensional structure of a protein
Studying protein synthesis
Exploring protein functions
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How does bioinformatics contribute to personalized medicine?
Analyzing individual genomic data for tailored medical treatments
Developing new drugs
Studying population genetics
Improving surgical techniques
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