Flashcards on Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
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What is a chemical bond?
A chemical bond is a force of attraction between atoms or ions that allows the formation of chemical compounds.
What are the three main types of chemical bonding?
The three main types of chemical bonding are ionic bonding, covalent bonding, and metallic bonding.
Define ionic bonding.
Ionic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
What is a covalent bond?
A covalent bond is a chemical bond formed by sharing a pair of electrons between atoms.
Explain metallic bonding.
Metallic bonding is the type of chemical bonding that occurs between metal atoms, where the valence electrons are free to move throughout a metal lattice.
What is a molecule?
A molecule is a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.
Differentiate between polar covalent and nonpolar covalent bonds.
In a polar covalent bond, the electrons are unequally shared between the atoms, creating partial positive and partial negative charges. In a nonpolar covalent bond, the electrons are shared equally, resulting in no charges.
What is an ionic compound?
An ionic compound is a chemical compound composed of ions held together by electrostatic forces.
Define Lewis dot structure.
A Lewis dot structure is a diagram that represents the valence electrons of an atom using dots around the symbol of the element.
Explain the octet rule.
The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to achieve a full outer shell of eight electrons.
What is a chemical formula?
A chemical formula is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound or molecule.
What is the difference between an atom and an ion?
An atom is a neutral particle composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. An ion is an atom that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a net positive or negative charge.
Describe the concept of bond length.
Bond length is the average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms in a molecule.
What is bond energy?
Bond energy is the amount of energy required to break a chemical bond and separate the bonded atoms.
Explain the concept of electronegativity.
Electronegativity is the measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond.
What is a resonance structure?
A resonance structure represents one of the possible delocalized forms of a molecule or ion that cannot be represented accurately by a single Lewis structure.
What is a chemical bond?
A chemical bond is a force of attraction between atoms or ions that allows the formation of chemical compounds.
What are the three main types of chemical bonding?
The three main types of chemical bonding are ionic bonding, covalent bonding, and metallic bonding.
Define ionic bonding.
Ionic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
What is a covalent bond?
A covalent bond is a chemical bond formed by sharing a pair of electrons between atoms.
Explain metallic bonding.
Metallic bonding is the type of chemical bonding that occurs between metal atoms, where the valence electrons are free to move throughout a metal lattice.
What is a molecule?
A molecule is a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.
Differentiate between polar covalent and nonpolar covalent bonds.
In a polar covalent bond, the electrons are unequally shared between the atoms, creating partial positive and partial negative charges. In a nonpolar covalent bond, the electrons are shared equally, resulting in no charges.
What is an ionic compound?
An ionic compound is a chemical compound composed of ions held together by electrostatic forces.
Define Lewis dot structure.
A Lewis dot structure is a diagram that represents the valence electrons of an atom using dots around the symbol of the element.
Explain the octet rule.
The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to achieve a full outer shell of eight electrons.
What is a chemical formula?
A chemical formula is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound or molecule.
What is the difference between an atom and an ion?
An atom is a neutral particle composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. An ion is an atom that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a net positive or negative charge.
Describe the concept of bond length.
Bond length is the average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms in a molecule.
What is bond energy?
Bond energy is the amount of energy required to break a chemical bond and separate the bonded atoms.
Explain the concept of electronegativity.
Electronegativity is the measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond.
What is a resonance structure?
A resonance structure represents one of the possible delocalized forms of a molecule or ion that cannot be represented accurately by a single Lewis structure.