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Flashcards on PCR and Gel Electrophoresis
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What is the purpose of PCR in molecular biology?
PCR is used to amplify a specific DNA sequence.
What is gel electrophoresis used for?
Gel electrophoresis is used to separate DNA fragments based on size.
What does PCR stand for?
Polymerase Chain Reaction
How does gel electrophoresis work?
DNA is loaded into wells in a gel, subjected to an electric field, and separates based on size.
Why is PCR often used before gel electrophoresis?
PCR is used to amplify the DNA sample before separating it by gel electrophoresis.
What type of genetic material can be analyzed using gel electrophoresis?
DNA or RNA fragments
When would you use PCR and gel electrophoresis together in a laboratory setting?
To amplify and then analyze a specific DNA sequence.
Explain the principle behind PCR.
PCR uses a DNA template, DNA polymerase, primers, and nucleotides to make copies of a specific DNA region.
What is the purpose of the gel in gel electrophoresis?
The gel acts as a sieve to separate DNA fragments based on size as they migrate through it.
How can PCR be used in forensics?
PCR can amplify small amounts of DNA from crime scenes for analysis.
What is the significance of the bands produced in gel electrophoresis?
The bands represent DNA fragments of different sizes, allowing for identification and analysis.
Why is gel electrophoresis an important technique in molecular biology?
It allows for DNA fragments to be separated, visualized, and analyzed for various purposes.
What are the steps involved in a typical PCR cycle?
Denaturation, annealing, and extension
How does gel electrophoresis help in DNA fingerprinting?
It separates DNA fragments to create unique banding patterns that can be used for identification.
What are some advantages of using PCR in research?
PCR is highly sensitive, specific, and can amplify tiny amounts of DNA quickly.
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Test Your Knowledge
What does PCR stand for?
RNA Replication
DNA Synthesis
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Gene Transcription
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What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?
DNA Extraction
Protein Synthesis
Separating DNA Fragments
Cell Division
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Why is PCR used before gel electrophoresis?
To Reduce DNA Concentration
To Increase Gel Porosity
To Amplify DNA Sample
To Speed Up Electrophoresis
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What is the purpose of the gel in gel electrophoresis?
To Store DNA
To Color DNA
To Separate DNA Fragments
To Amplify DNA
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In PCR, what is denaturation?
Combining DNA Strands
Splitting DNA Strands
Separating DNA Strands
Copying DNA Strands
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What type of genetic material can be analyzed using gel electrophoresis?
Proteins
Carbohydrates
DNA or RNA Fragments
Lipids
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Why is gel electrophoresis important in DNA analysis?
To Change DNA Sequence
To Increase DNA Concentration
To Separate DNA Fragments
To Destroy DNA
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What must be added to a PCR reaction to initiate DNA synthesis?
Antibodies
Hormones
Primers
Ligases
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How are DNA fragments visualized after gel electrophoresis?
By Smell
By Taste
By Staining
By Touch
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What is the key advantage of using PCR in genetic studies?
Produces Inaccurate Results
Slows Down Analysis
Amplifies Small DNA Amounts
Decreases Sensitivity
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