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Flashcards on Structure of Soil
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What is the composition of soil?
Soil is composed of minerals, organic matter, water, and air.
What are the different horizons or layers of soil?
The soil is divided into topsoil, subsoil, and parent material.
What is topsoil and why is it important?
Topsoil is the upper layer of soil. It is important for plant growth as it contains organic matter and nutrients.
What is subsoil and what does it contain?
Subsoil is the layer beneath the topsoil. It contains less organic matter but more minerals.
What is the parent material in soil?
The parent material is the rock or sediment from which the soil is formed.
What is the role of water in soil?
Water in soil is essential for plant growth and serves as a medium for transporting nutrients.
What is the importance of air in soil?
Air in soil is important for the respiration of plant roots and soil organisms.
What is soil texture?
Soil texture refers to the proportion of sand, silt, and clay particles in the soil.
How does soil structure affect water movement?
Well-structured soil allows water to infiltrate and drain properly, preventing waterlogging and erosion.
How does soil structure affect plant root growth?
Good soil structure promotes the development of strong and healthy plant roots.
What factors can influence soil structure?
Factors such as organic matter content, soil compaction, and tillage practices can affect soil structure.
Why is it important to maintain soil structure?
Maintaining soil structure is crucial for sustainable agriculture and preventing soil degradation.
What are the different types of soil erosion?
Sheet erosion, rill erosion, and gully erosion are some types of soil erosion.
How can soil erosion be prevented?
Methods such as contour plowing, terracing, and cover cropping can help prevent soil erosion.
What are the benefits of soil conservation?
Soil conservation helps maintain soil fertility, prevent erosion, and protect natural resources.
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Test Your Knowledge
Which of the following is not a component of soil?
Water
Minerals
Organic matter
Sunlight
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Which layer of soil is important for plant growth?
Subsoil
Parent material
Bedrock
Topsoil
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What is the primary purpose of water in soil?
Providing sunlight to plants
Supplying air to roots
Transporting minerals
Supporting plant growth
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What is the term used to describe the proportion of sand, silt, and clay particles in soil?
Soil composition
Soil layers
Soil fertility
Soil texture
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How does well-structured soil affect water movement?
Increases waterlogging
Decreases water retention
Has no effect
Improves drainage
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What can influence soil structure?
Presence of earthworms
Amount of sunlight
Type of rocks
Organic matter content
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Which of the following is not a type of soil erosion?
Gully erosion
Sheet erosion
Wind erosion
Root erosion
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How can soil erosion be prevented?
Overgrazing
Removing vegetation
Excessive tilling
Terracing
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What are the benefits of soil conservation?
Increased soil erosion
Decreased crop yield
Loss of biodiversity
Sustainable agriculture
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What is the role of air in soil?
Providing nutrients
Supporting plant growth
Transporting water
Root respiration
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